英美文化赏析--lecture 2.doc

Lecture Two A Contrastive Study of Chinese and English 只赢得：几杵疏钟，半江渔火，两行秋雁，一枕清霜。 There left behind are bronze bells heard occasionally and fishing boats with flickering lamps seen in the middle of the lake, wild geese leaving in a hurry in two files in autumn, and only frosted snow all over the terrains in winter. What remains is only sparse bells ringing in cold hills, fishermen’s lantern lights by riverside, two rows of wild geese flying in autumn sky and a dreary dream of hoary winter frost. 知己知彼，百战不殆；不知彼而知己，一胜一负；不知彼不知己，每战必殆。 You can fight a hundred battles without defeat if you know the enemy as well as yourself. You will win one battle and lose another if you know yourself but leave yourself in the dark about the enemy. You will lose every battle if you leave both the enemy and yourself in the dark. From Structure 1. 英语有形态变化,汉语没有严格意义的形态变化. English : gender, number, case, tense, voice, mood, degree of comparison, person and parts of speech. 汉语: 数量助词,动态助词,结构助词 He is a professional. He is a loose man. He served as a call boy when he was 19. She is a professional. She is a loose woman. She served as a call girl when she was 19. 2.英语经常使用定冠词和不定冠词 out of question take a chair I have lived here for more than a year. out of the question take the chair I have lived here fore more than one year. 2.汉语有丰富多彩的助词. 吧 今天不会下雨吧? It isn’t going to rain today, is it? 你好好想想吧! Just think it over. 明天就明天吧. All right, let’s make it tomorrow. 咱们走吧. Let’s go. 打吧,打不下去;跑吧,跑不了,敌人只好投降. Unable to fight on or to escape, the enemy were forced to surrender. 3.英语常用介词,汉语则少用介词. What is he at? 他正在干什么? John voted with the Tories. John 投票支持保守党. He is a man above vulgar interests. 他是一个脱离了低级趣味的人 It looks as if we are in for a storm. 看来我们免不了要碰上一场暴风雨了. If a man couldn’t walk into a room and tell who was for him and who was against him, then he wasn’t much of a politician。要是一个人不能一上任就看出谁支持他,谁反对他,那他就不配搞政治 From Int