财务预算 introducti on.pptVIP

Preparing financial forecast liuying §1 Introduction (p3) Use of management accounting information Costing, budgeting, pricing, and investment Financial accounting provides information to managers and people outside the firm Financial accounting information must meet certain standards of relevance and reliability Management accounting generates confidential information for internal decision makers, e.g., Top executives Department heads FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Management accounting Management accounting is concerned with the provisions and use of accounting information to managers within organizations, to provide them with the basis to make informed business decisions that will allow them to be better equipped in their management and control functions. management accounting information In contrast to financial accountancy information, management accounting information is: usually confidential and used by management, instead of publicly reported; forward-looking, instead of historical; computed using extensive management information systems and internal controls, instead of complying with accounting standards. This is because of the different emphasis: management accounting information is used within an organization, typically for decision-making. Definition According to the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA), Management Accounting is the process of identification, measurement, accumulation, analysis, preparation, interpretation and communication of information used by management to plan, evaluate and control within an entity and to assure appropriate use of and accountability for its Resource three areas The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) states that management accounting as practice extends to the following three areas: Strategic Management—Advancing the role of the management accountant as a strategic partner in the organization. Performance Management—Developing the practice o