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ISSN 0003-6838, Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2007, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 439–443. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2007. Published in Russian in Prikladnaya Biokhimiya i Mikrobiologiya, 2007, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 490–494. Screening of Taxol-Producing Endophytic Fungi from Taxus chinensis var. mairei1 a b b b b b a, b X. Zhou , Z. Wang , K. Jiang , Y. Wei , J. Lin , X. Sun , and K. Tang a Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Fudan-SJTU- Nottingham Plant Biotechnology RD Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China b State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan-SJTU- Nottingham Plant Biotechnology RD Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China e-mail: ktang1@ Received June 30, 2006 Abstract—A total of 38 endophytic fungus strains were isolated from Taxus chinensis var. mairei by the aseptic technique. Genomic DNA was extracted from isolated endophytic fungi and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for the presence of the Taxus taxadiene synthase (TS) gene, a rate-limiting enzyme gene in the taxol biosynthetic pathway. Twelve out of 38 isolated endophytic fungus strains showed PCR pos- itive for the ts gene. Subsequently, taxol and its related compounds were extracted from culture filtrates and mycelia of the PCR positive strains, separated by column chromatography, and analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrum. The analysis result showed that 3 strains could produce taxol and its related compounds at