毕业设计（论文） 补气对涡轮增压柴油机性能及排放的影响.doc

毕业设计（论文） 补气对涡轮增压柴油机性能及排放的影响 学院： 合肥工业大学 专业： 汽车运用技术 学生姓名： 梁栋 指导教师： 何健 补气对涡轮增压柴油机性能及排放的影响 摘要：柴油机是通过介质来调节功率的，即通过改变喷油量来改变混合气得浓度，从而改变燃料燃烧释放的能量。当需要增加功率时，通过调节油门，加大喷油量，而更多燃料的充分燃烧需要更多的空气。内燃机气缸内的混合气的形成对燃烧过程有着决定性的影响，因而也影响着发动机的动力性，经济性，燃烧噪声和有害废气的排放。对于涡轮增压的柴油机来说，由于涡轮增压器响应的滞后，导致在加速和加载工况下喷入的燃料由于空气不足而无法充分燃烧，从而造成排气烟度值大幅上升。 本文的研究目的，是针对涡轮增压柴油机响应滞后的缺点，设计一套补气装置，确定补气方案，并探讨进气道补气对涡轮增压柴油机性能及排放的影响，以改善涡轮增压柴油机加速冒烟严重的问题，提高燃料的燃烧效率，缓解能源与环境的压力。 研究结果表明：对于涡轮增压柴油机，采用补气措施是十分有必要的。增设一套高压空气补气系统具有结构简单，性能可靠，成本低，效率高等优点，完全可以达到实用化的程度。 本文的主要内容包括：对涡轮增压柴油机稳态工况以及瞬态工况下得加载和加速工况进行模拟实验，确定补气方案对涡轮增压柴油机性能及排放的影响。 关键词：涡轮增压柴油机；补气：性能：排放。 Abstract: the diesel engine is through the medium to adjust the power, that is, through the change injection quantity to change the mixture to concentration and change fuel burning release energy. When need to increase power, through the adjustment throttle, increase injection quantity, and more fuel burn adequately need more air. In internal combustion engine cylinder mixture of the formation of has a decisive influence on combustion process, and also affects the engine performance, economy, combustion noise and harmful exhaust emissions. For turbocharged diesel engine for, due to the lagging of the turbocharger response, resulting in haste and loading conditions of fuel injected because not enough air to burn adequately, causing the exhaust smoke values have risen sharply，This paper research purposes, is aimed at turbocharged diesel engine lags in response shortcomings, design a set of fill gas device, sure fill gas project, and discusses fill gas inlet to turbocharged diesel engine performance and the influence of emissions, in order to improve turbocharged diesel engine speed up smoke serious problem, improve the fuel combustion efficiency and relieve the pressure of energy and the environment. The results show that, for turbocharged diesel engine, the fill