10.ESP-John M(特殊用途英语介绍).pdfVIP

English for.SpecificPutparLs,Vol. 11.pp.51-70.1992 0889-4906/92$5.00+ .OO PergamonPresspk. PrintedintheUSA copylight0 1992The Americmuniversity Preparing ESL Students for the Basic Speech Course: Approach, Design, and Procedure John M. Murphy Abstract- This articleintroducesa “discoveryprocess” methodfor teaching ESLspeechcommunication,anexampleof theauthor’scurrentclassroomprac- tices. The methodis designedto prepareESL studentsfor participationin the basic speech course as dexl in the literatureon first language(Ll) speech communication.PreparingESL studentsin this area is thus an exampleof teachingEnglishfor a specificpurpose.To thisaim,the authorappliesa frame- work for the analysisanddescriptionof second languageQ.2) methodsinitially developed by Anthony (1963), Richards (19X3), and Richardsand Rodgers (1986).These writersexaminedL2 methodsat three levels: approach,design, andprocedures.Theirorganizationalstructurehasbeen adoptedinanexpanded form in order to characterizea discoveryprocess methodthatemphasizesdy- adicinteractionpatternsandcooperativelearning.Inthe classroom,the method provides individualspeakerswith multipleopportunitiesto develop prepared topics and individuallistenerswith recurringopportunitiesto practicenote- takingskills.Periodically,speakerschangepartnersandcontinueto work with differentmembersof the class. Studentslearnthatpresentinga topicto a peer is a challengingprocessof discovery,change,andrevision.Assessmentproce- duresareincorporatedintothe methodologyas partof regular,dailyclassroom procedures. Introduction