辽河稠油中沥青质和胶质的热解色谱-质谱研究.pdfVIP

辽河稠油中沥青质和胶质的热解色谱-质谱研究 辽河稠油中沥青质和胶质的热解色谱-质谱研究 摘 要 了解石油沥青质、胶质等重质组分的组成、结构、性质是充分开发利用重质 石油资源的基础。利用沥青质和胶质的溶解性差异，从辽河稠油中分离出沥青质 和胶质。以热解气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析了沥青质和胶质。主要结论如下： （1）沥青质和胶质裂解产物中含有二氧化碳、硫化氢和链烷烃、环烷烃。 （2）裂解时间为5s,热解温度500℃以下，沥青质和胶质基本不发生热解反 应，检测不到反应产物。 （3） 从裂解产物推断，沥青质、胶质二者的结构相似。 （4）由活化能结果推断，辽河稠油成熟度低。 热解色谱/质谱联用(GC/MS)样品用量少、分辨率高，是有效分析沥青质和胶 质这类组成和结构极其复杂的物质的方法。 关键词：沥青质，胶质，色谱-质谱，活化能 I 辽河稠油中沥青质和胶质的热解色谱-质谱研究 Study of Asphaltenes and Resins of Liaohe Heavy Oil by Py-GC/MS Abstract To exploration and utilization of the heavy crude oil resources, it is the foundation to understand the composition, structure, properties of its heavy component such as asphaltenes and resins.Asphaltenes and resins of Liaohe heavy oil were separated utilizing its difference of solubility. It was tested by Py-GS/MS.The major conclutions are as following: (1) There exists CO , H S, chain alkanes and cycloparaffin in the prolysis product of 2 2 asphaltenes and resins. (2) Asphaltenes and resins basicly didn’t pyrolyzed and no substance detected when the reaction time is 5 s below 500 ℃. (3) Judging from its pyrolized product, asphaltenes and resins has the similar structure. (4) Infering from its activation energy of asphaltenes and resins,Liaohe heavy oil has a low maturity degree. Py-GC/MS has a characteristic of high-resolution and low dosage usage of samples. It is a effective method to analyze complicated structure and composional compound such as asphaltenes and resins. Key words ：asphaltenes, resins, Py-GC-MS, activation energy