清洁燃料的合成工艺及催化剂研究.pdfVIP

清洁燃料的合成工艺及催化剂研究 摘 要 液化石油气（LPG ）主要成份为丙烷和丁烷，LPG具有易液化，储存压力低， 污染少等优点。LPG是环境友好的材料，广泛应用于机动车的清洁燃料和化工生产 的原料，LPG 的应用前景十分广阔，其合成过程也受到广泛重视。合成气是通过煤 气化或天然气重整制得的，而从合成气出发转化LPG有两种途径，一种是间接合成 法，一种是直接合成法。本实验则采用直接法，以甲醇或DME为中间产物，将合 成气直接合成LPG[1] 。 本论文采用固定床反应器，开展了合成气直接合成LPG 的工艺的研究。 首先采用机械混合法制备了一系列的C207/γ–Al O =1 ：1 （质量比）DME合成 2 3 催化剂，然后用浸渍法制备一系列DME转化为LPG 的催化剂，运用XRD这种手段 对DME转化催化剂进行了表征。分别对在H-β分子筛中不同含量的Cu和Ni进行了考 察。在Cu含量占5%时，对LPG 的选择性能达到73.8% ；在Ni含量占5%时, 对LPG 的选择性能达到73.1% 。另外，我们还考察了Cu和Ni在催化剂中各占5%的实验， 此催化剂对LPG 的选择性能达到75.2% 。 关键词：合成气，H–β分子筛，液化石油气 I 清洁燃料的合成工艺及催化剂研究 Abstract The main composition of liquefied petroleum gas(LPG) is propane and butane. The advantages of the LPG are easy liquefaction, the lowing storage pressure, a few of pollution etc. The LPG is the amity material of the environment, and extensive application in the clean fuel of the mobile car and the raw material of chemical producation. The applied foreground of the LPG is very vast ，and its synthesizes process also draws extensive attention. Syngas is production by gasification of coal orthe natural gas reforming.And LPG producted from syngas have two meathods, the one is indirect-synthesis , the other is direct-synthesis . And this experiment adopts the direct-synthesizing path, which is taking through methanol or DME as intermediats,converting syngas to LPG directly. The synthesis gas is directly converted into LPG by using fixed - bed reactor. In this paper, the catalyst and process of LPG from syngas were studied. Firstly, a series of C207/γ–Al O =1 ：1(weight ratio) DME synthesis catalysts were 2