土工合成材料在工程实际应用中的作用中英文对照.docVIP

土工合成材料在工程实际应用中的作用 　土工合成材料在土工程中的应用，主要有反滤、排水、隔离、防渗、防护和加筋等多种作用。但必须指出，在工程实际应用中是几种应用的组合，有的是主要的，有的是次要的。例如，对松砂或软土地基上的铁路路基，其隔离作用是主要的，而反滤和加筋作用是次要的；而软土地及上的公路路基，则加筋作用是主要的，而隔离和反滤作用是次要的。以下分别阐述各种作用。 Engineering application of geosynthetic materials in soil, main filter, water drainage, isolation, seepage control and reinforcement and protection, etc. But it must be pointed out that in the practical engineering application is the combination of several applications, have a plenty of major, or minor. For loose sand, for example, or the railway roadbed on soft soil foundation, its isolation effect is main, and filter and the reinforcement effect is secondary; And soft soil and on the highway subgrade, the reinforcement effect is main, and isolation and filter function is secondary. The following respectively in this paper, the various functions. 　　一、反滤作用　 One, the filter function 　在渗流出口区铺设土工合成材料作为反滤层，这和传统的砂砾石滤层一样，均可提高被保护土的抗渗强度。对这方面国内外都进行过不少研究。　　多数土工材料在单向渗流的情况下，在紧贴土工合成材料的土体中，发生细颗粒逐渐向滤层移动，同时还有部分细颗粒通过土工合成材料被带走，遗留下较粗的颗粒，从而与滤层相邻一定厚度的土层逐渐自然形成一个反滤带，阻止土粒的继续流失，最后趋于稳定平衡。亦即土工合成材料与其相邻接触部分土层共同形成了一个完整的反滤系统。将土工合成材料铺放在上游面快事护坡下面，起反滤和隔离作用；同样也可铺放在下游排水体（如电排水或棱体排水）周围起反滤作用，以防止管涌；也可铺放在均匀土坝的坝体内，起竖向排水作用，这样可有效的降低均质坝的坝体浸润线，提高下游坝体的稳定性，渗流水沿土工合成材料进入水平排水体，最后排至坝体外。具有这种排水作用的土工合成材料，要求在纵向（即土工合成材料本身的水平方向）有较大的渗透系数。 In seepage exit area laid geosynthetic materials as a filter layer, this and the traditional sand gravel filter layer, can increase protected the permeability of soil strength. A lot of research about this aspect both at home and abroad before. Most geotechnical material under the condition of the one-way flow, in close to the soil of geosynthetic materials, fine particles gradually moved towards the filter layer, as well as part of the fine particles taken through geosynthetic materials left over from coarser particles, thereby with filter layer adjacent the thickness of soil layer nature gradually form a filter belt, stopping the continued erosion of soil particles, the final stable equilibrium. I.e. g