外文翻译--中国的农村合作社：政策和实际.docVIP

本科毕业论文外文翻译 外文题目：Rural Cooperatives In China: Policy and Practice 出 处： Journal of Enterprise Information Management 作 者： Jenny Clegg Introduction Interest in cooperative enterprise, as well as in the wider concept of social economy, is experiencing an upturn internationally as concerns rise over the “dark side” of globalisation – the persistence of poverty and social exclusion. Commitment to poverty reduction and the adoption of the UN Millennium Development Goals reflect a shift in focus among policy makers at international levels towards achieving more of a balance between social and economic aspects of development. For many, cooperatives are thought to have great potential as organisations of the poor and should be given more support in the interests of social equity and a “fair globalisation” (Birchall, 2004; Bibby and Shaw, 2005). Chinas development experience has often been held up as an example of success in poverty reduction. Particularly since the introduction of economic reforms in 1978 the incidence of poverty has declined sharply (Zhang, 2002). Nevertheless the pattern has been quite uneven with increasing income inequality and a growing urban-rural gap, whilst a sizeable number of rural poor remain stuck in low return farming activities. At various times during Chinas reform period, expectations have risen, both inside and outside the country, about the possibilities of an autonomous cooperative movement emerging in the transition from a planned to a market economy (Stettner and Oram, 1987; Howard, 1987). But so far, reforms have struggled to find a form of cooperative enterprise to fully incorporate the poor in Chinas development successes. Transformation of the officially-titled cooperative institutions have tended to fall short of completely breaking from the “cradle” of collective or state structures as problems of bankruptcy hav