纳米凹凸棒石制备及填充天然橡胶实验分析研究.doc

本科毕业论文（设计） 题目：江苏盱眙凹凸棒石/天然橡胶 纳米复合材料的制备研究 摘 要 本文采用自然沉降法提纯了凹凸棒石，用XRD检测了不同分散剂作用下的提纯效果。利用超声波细胞粉碎机对凹凸棒石矿浆进行超细分散，分析了不同条件下的超声分散效果，利用激光粒度测试仪进行了粒度测试，并利用TEM观察了超声分散凹凸棒石的形貌特征；用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和KH550对凹凸棒石进行改性，利用红外光谱对改性效果进行表征，；采用乳液共混共凝法制备了凹凸棒石/天然橡胶复合材料，利用ESEM对复合材料的微观结构进行了观察。得出以下结论： 1． 当分散剂六偏磷酸钠占凹凸棒石3%；聚丙烯酸钠占凹凸棒石0.3%；自然沉降时间5min时，能将凹凸棒石提纯至95%以上。 2． 用型超声波细胞粉碎机对凹凸棒石矿浆进行分散，结果表明：用聚丙烯酸钠分散时，凹凸棒石矿浆浓度为10%，聚丙烯酸钠0.5%，超声时间为11分钟，超声功率为200W时，有很好分散效果； 用六偏磷酸钠分散时，凹凸棒石矿浆浓度为15%，六偏磷酸钠3%，超声时间14min，超声功率为200W时有很好的分散效果。 3．用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和KH550对凹凸棒石进行改性，十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的改性效果要明显高于KH550。其最佳改性制备条件为：改性剂用量为凹凸棒石的15%，改性时间为30分钟，温度为80℃。 4． 经过改性分散处理的凹凸棒石填入橡胶中比未经改性处理的凹凸棒石/橡胶复合材料拉伸强度提高了28.46%、撕裂强度分别提高了28.90%，这说明经过超声波分散并改性的凹凸棒石，与橡胶相容性最好，部分凹凸棒石深嵌入橡胶基体中。 关键词：凹凸棒石，凹凸棒石提纯，凹凸棒石改性，天然橡胶，复合材料 ABSTRACT In the thesis,the naturalism deposition method was used to purify attapulgite.The purification effects using different disperse agents were analyzed by XRD.This text make use of an ultrasonic cell pulverizer to derperse the slurry of attapulgite , analyzing the results of different conditions,analyzing the particles diameter and using TEM to observe the morphology of attapulgite. Atttapulgite is modified with C16H33N(CH3)3Br or KH550 as modifying agent.Modified attapulgite is tested by IR.Attaplugite /natural rubber composites are prepared individually by latex compounding ,the microstructure of the composites are observed and analyzed by SEM.the following are the conclusions: 1.The pure attapulgete of 95% could be obtained when the diperse agent of (NaPO3)6 is 3% of attapulgete, the C16H33N(CH3)3 is 0.3% of attapulgete,the time of deposition is 5 min. 2. Making use of an ultrasonic cell pulverizer to derperse the slurry of attapulgite . when disperse agent is C16H33N(CH3)3 the thick degree of the slurry of attapulgite is 10%, the disperse agent is 0.5% of attapulgite ,and the time of the dispersing is 11 minutes, the power of the pulverizer is 200 W, the disperse result ia good. when disperse agent is (NaPO3)6 the