压电材料中缺陷偶极子特性的研究进展.pdfVIP

第28 卷 第2 期 无 机 材 料 学 报 Vol. 28 No. 2 2013 年2 月 Journal of Inorganic Materials Feb., 2013 文章编号: 1000-324X(2013)02-0123-08 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1077.2013.12127 压电材料中缺陷偶极子特性的研究进展 杜 刚, 梁瑞虹, 李 涛, 卢晓蓉, 王根水, 董显林 ( 中国科学院 上海硅酸盐研究所, 中国科学院无机功能材料与器件重点实验室, 上海200050) 摘 要: 压电材料通过受主掺杂或烧结挥发等可以形成缺陷偶极子, 缺陷偶极子对材料的性能有显著的影响。本文 综述了压电材料中缺陷偶极子的产生及其在外场下的响应机理, 同时, 从缺陷偶极子运动的角度分析了压电材料 中老化、电滞回线异常及电致形状记忆效应等现象的起源, 简要分析了偶极子弛豫现象, 并对未来发展高可靠性压 电驱动器的研究作了展望。 关 键 词: 压电材料; 缺陷偶极子; 束腰电滞回线; 对称一致性原理; 综述 中图分类号: TM282 文献标识码: A Recent Progress on Defect Dipoles Characteristics in Piezoelectric Materials DU Gang, LIANG Rui-Hong, LI Tao, LU Xiao-Rong, WANG Gen-Shui, DONG Xian-Lin (Key Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China) Abstract: Defect dipoles which have pronounced effects on properties of piezoelectric materials can be introduced either by partially modifying with acceptor impurities or volatizing of cation elements in perovskite lattice during sin- tering. The formation mechanism of defect dipoles and responses under external fields were reviewed in the present paper. Besides, the main physic mechanisms of ferroelectric aging, hysteresis loop abnormalities and electro- shape-memory effects in piezoelectric materials were discussed in detail from the defect dipoles viewpoints. Based on a defect mediated reversible domain