电气工程及其自动化专业毕业论文--灭火小车控制系统的设计.docVIP

摘 要 随着社会与国家的发展，在经济迅速增长的同时，各种危险场所不可避免的火灾频繁出现，给社会安全造成了很多隐患，于是现代火灾及时补救已成为迫在眉睫需要解决的问题，救火早一刻就少一分损失，消防救援人员固然速度已经很快，但也需要一段不小的时间，而且进入救火现场还有生命危险的可能，于是消防机器小车的理念诞生了。本文是对灭火小车控制系统进行了设计，采用单片机作为控制核心，这样一来，单片机就可以充分发挥其资源丰富、有较为强大的控制功能及可以位寻址操作功能、价格低廉等优点利用其丰富的资源，实现对各模块的控制；本设计通过加以电源电路、电机驱动、光电传感电路、火焰检测电路、灭火风扇以及其它电路构成，其中电源电路提供系统所需的工作电源，专用电机驱动芯片驱动电机控制机器人的前进后退以及转向，光电对管完成寻迹和避障，光敏电阻传感器检测火焰，灭火风扇进行灭火。设计的工作过程是：首先通过,光敏电阻传感器寻找火源后将信号传递给单片机，单片机根据已设定好的程序控制机器人运动，完成一系列的灭火动作。 关键词：灭火小车，光敏电阻传感器，单片机，光电对管， Abstract With the development of society and the country, while rapid economic growth, the inevitable fire of all kinds of dangerous places frequent, caused a lot of hidden dangers to the social security, so the modern fire remedied in time has become an imminent need to address the problem, the fire as early as the moment experience less loss, fire and rescue personnel of course, speed is already very fast, but it also requires a small time, and enter the fire scene possible life-threatening, so the fire machine car concept was born. This article is extinguishing the car control system design, with the MCU eight microcontroller as control core, and this way, the microcontroller can give full play to its rich resources, more powerful control functions and bit-addressable operation function, low price advantage of its rich resources, to achieve control of each module; the design through to the power supply circuit, motor drives, photoelectric sensing circuit of flame detection circuit, fire fans, and other circuit, power circuit to provide the required power dedicated motor driver chip drives the motor to control the robot forward and back, and turned to put out the fire, photoelectric tube to complete the tracing and collision avoidance, photo resistor sensors to detect flame, the fire-fighting fan. The design process is: first through the photo resistor sensors to find the source of fire after signaling to the microcontroller, the microcontroller has set a good program to control the robot to complete a