高中英语 unit1 friendship语法突破1重点提炼 新人教版必修1.docVIP

人教版高一必修1重点提炼：Unit 1 Friendship语法突破（1） 间接引语 引用，是一种修辞方法。引用可以一字不改地将别人的话加以引用或复数出来，这叫做直接引语（direct speech）；或用自己的话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语(indirect speech)。一般地讲直接引语须放在引号内；间接引语不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。如： He said, I am a doctor.他说：“我是医生。”（引号内的内容是直接引语）He said that he was a doctor.他说他是医生。（句中的宾语从句是间接引语） 直接引语变间接引语的一般规则 1.时态变化 直接引语变间接引语时，时态变化规则如下表： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时 现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 进去完成时 进去完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 一般将来时 过去将来时 情态动词 can/may could/might 如： ①The girl said, Im sorry for being late for class. →The girl said that she was sorry for being late for class.那姑娘说对不起她上课迟到了。 ②My mother said to me, Your classmate is waiting for you in the sitting room. →My mother told me that my classmate was waiting for me in the sitting room.我母亲告诉我，我的同学正在客厅等我。 ③She said, I have seen the film Titanic. →She said that she had seen the film Titanic.她说她看过了电影《泰坦尼克号》。 ④Li Hua said to me, Your parents have been looking for you. →Li Hua told me that my parents had been looking for me.李华告诉我，我的父母正在找我。 ⑤He said, I made some spelling mistakes yesterday. →He said that he had made some spelling mistakes the day before. 他说他前一天出了一些拼写错误。 ⑥The student said, I had learnt about 5,000 English words by the end of last year. →The student said that he had learnt about 5,000 English words by the end of the year before.那个学生说到去年年底他已经学了5，000个单词。 ⑦He asked me, What were you doing at that time? →He asked me what I was doing at that time.他问我那时我在干什么？ ⑧She said, I will go there this afternoon. →She said (that) she would go there that afternoon,她说她那天下午将去那里。 2.人称变化 人称变化要根据说话者、听者或第三者的相互关系，作出相应和变化。如： ①He said to me. I have left my book in your room. →He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书落在我的房间了。 ②The teacher said, I’m glad to be with you. →The teacher said that he was glad to be with us.老师说他很高兴和我们在一起。 3.其它变化 其它变化包括指示代词、时间和地点的词以及表示方向的动词变化。详见下表： 直 接 引 语 间 接 引 语 指示代词 this these 表 示 时 间 that those now