经济社会地位对老年人健康状况的影响研究 _ 以上海为例.pdfVIP

疾病的发病率均要高于男性；而对于男性老年人而言，仅呼吸系统类疾病的发病 率高于女性老年人；（6 ）婚姻对老年人的自理能力表现出明显的―保护作用‖ ；在 ADL 上，婚姻对女性老年人的保护作用要强于男性老年人；（7 ）年龄与健康自评 之间存在U 型关系，―拐点‖在80 岁左右。 总体看，西方国家所普适性的―健康状况的梯度差异模式‖在中国的适应性遇到 ―挑战‖ ，即使与亚洲、拉美一些发展中国家相比，上海市老年人健康状况的经济社 会地位模式也颇具―中国特色‖ 。一定程度上也映射出当代中国老年人一生当中所境 遇的政治运动、经济改革和社会变迁对老年人健康状况的影响。 关键词： 经济社会地位；老年人健康状况；直接－间接双重效应 ii Abstract By constructing a direct-indirect double effect theoretical model, the potential mechanism of socio-economic status (SES) effects on health of the aged is interpreted and examined with data from of the Investigation on Current Status and Will of the aged in Shanghai in 2003. The results show that SES ’s impact on health of the aged has significant direct-indirect double effects. The ―indirect effect‖ of SES is embodied by the inner effect mechanism of subjective- objective health variables to a great extent. The research conclusions as follows:1. SES ’s impact on the health of the aged has significant direct effects;2.In addition to the direct effects, The indirect effect of SES ’ impact on the self-care ability of the aged is transferred by chronic; The indirect effect of SES’ impact on the health self-assessment of the aged is transferred by two ways, the amount of chronic and the state of self-care ability;3.There are significant model differences of gender, age and residences styles in most indicators of health status;4.For the aged of Shanghai, the aged who have higher SES are unnecessarily good in health. Besides, in this paper, the selected three indicators of SES are not the same in the effect models of self-care ability and health self-assessment. The conclusions are as follows: 1) SES ’s impact on health of the aged has significant dir