高压氧对胎兔和新生兔视网膜影响的形态学与体视学分析.docVIP

摘 要 目的：通过形态学观察及体视学分析，探讨临床常用剂量高压氧对胎兔和新生兔视网膜的影响。 方法：新西兰白兔10只，妊娠16天，随机分成A组（高压氧组）3只和B组（常压空气组）7只。A组母兔分娩的新生兔分为II（17只）、VI组（11只），B组母兔分娩的新生兔分为I（15只）、III（16只）、IV（15只）、V组（12只）。其中I、II组置于常压空气中20天；III组高压氧治疗10天，常压空气10天；IV组常压高浓度氧10天，常压空气10天。I～IV组出生20天取眼球，V、VI组出生当日取眼球。用光镜和电镜观察各组视网膜的结构，并测算I～IV组仔兔突破视网膜内界膜的血管内皮细胞表面数密度（Ns）和I～IV组仔兔视网膜内节、外网状层及内网状层线粒体体积密度（Vvmi,p）、表面积密度（Svmi,p）、线粒体空泡体积密度（Vvv,mi）、表面积密度（Svv,mi）。 结果：1. 形态学：20天仔兔视网膜可分为九层。I、II组仔兔视网膜各层结构清晰，光镜及电镜观察两组无明显差异。III组仔兔视网膜光镜下视细胞外节疏松，局部空泡变性；电镜下视细胞膜盘间隙增大，局部出现溶解断裂，内节线粒体肿胀，部分空泡变。IV组仔兔视网膜光镜下视细胞外节肿胀，大量空泡样变；电镜下视细胞膜盘间隙增大明显，多处断裂溶解，内节线粒体肿胀呈球形，空泡变增多。V、VI组0天仔兔视网膜未发育成熟，视细胞层薄，无明显的外网状层与外界膜。光镜及电镜观察两组结构及细胞形态无明显差异。 2. 体视学：①I～IV组仔兔视网膜Ns：I、 II 、III组与IV组差异均有显著性意义，其余各组均数间两两比较，差异均无显著意义。②I～IV组仔兔视网膜内节、外网状层及内网状层线粒体Vvmi,p、Svmi,p差异均无显著性意义，而线粒体数密度（Nv）随I～IV组逐渐减少，且差异有显著性意义。③I～IV组仔兔视网膜三层线粒体空泡Vvv,mi、Svv,mi差异均有显著性意义；II组仔兔视网膜线粒体空泡在三层上Vvv,mi、Svv,mi与I组差别无显著性意义，且与IV组差别有显著性意义；III组仔兔视网膜损伤主要表现在视网膜内节，线粒体空泡Vvv,mi与Svv,mi与I组、IV组差异均有显著性意义。 结论：妊娠中晚期应用常规治疗压力、常规吸氧时间、常规疗程数的高压氧治疗对胎兔视网膜无明显影响；新生兔的应用则有视网膜超微结构上的损伤。 关键词：高压氧；视网膜；胎兔；新生兔；形态学；体视学 ABSTRACT Objective: An experimental study was conducted to verify the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) of clinically adopted usual dosage on the retinas of foetus and newborn rabbits by means of morphological observation and stereological analysis. Methods: Ten New-Zealand white rabbits in 16 days’ pregnance were devided randomly into Group A ( 3 rabbits received HBO supplement for ten days after the 16th day of pregnance) and Group B ( 7 rabbits as control group). The newborn rabbits were devided into group II, group VI ( 17 and 11 rabbits whose mothers received HBO in pregnancy) and group I、III、IV、V( 15, 16, 15 and 12 rabbits whose mothers didn’t receive HBO in pregnancy).roup I and II were raised in air for all 20 days; Group III received HBO first for 10 days, then were raised in air for the rest 10 days; Group IV were exposed to 80% oxygen for 10 days continuously and then in air for another 10 days. For group I ～IV, the ’ eyeballs we