上海高中生对数学符号理解与表示的调查研究.pdfVIP

摘要 数学符号在中学数学教育中占有重要地位,并且数学学习困难主要源于对数 学符号的学习,因此研究高中生数学符号理解与表示具有重要意义。 本文研究数学符号的理解与表示和数学符号学习困难两大问题,通过对高中 生测试和访谈,得出如下结论: 在数学符号理解的三个过程中,总体而言,符号识别表现最好,语义分析次 之,意义建构最差,前两个阶段男生表现都优于女生,后一个阶段男女生差别不 大。具体来说,在符号识别上,对易混符号的辨别要优于对新符号的接受;在语 义分析上,对相同符号在不同情景中含义的理解表现最好,对数学符号隐含含义 的挖掘次之,数学符号理解的广度最差;在意义建构上,对数学符号的正确选择 表现较好,而对数学符号的搭配与操作较差。 在数学符号表示的两个方面,总体而言,用文字语言表示数学符号优于用非 文字数学语言表示文字语言,男女生差别不大。具体来说,当用文字语言表示数 学符号时,高中生倾向从数学符号的字面意思来表示其含义;当用非文字数学语 言表示文字语言时,高中生倾向采用数学符号,女生比男生更倾向使用图形语言。 在数学符号学习的困难方面:从理解的角度上看有四点:新符号的接受、数 学符号含义的正确把握、数学符号与数学概念的联系以及数学符号的应用;从表 示的角度看有两点:表示数学符号的实质、选择正确的数学语言表示。 关键词: 数学符号 数学符号理解数学符号表示Abstract The paper mainly researches the understanding and representation of mathematical symbols and difficulties of learning mathematical symbols.Some conclusions after the survey and interviews for high school students: In the process of understanding mathematical symbols, High school students are best on identifying symbols and then semantic analysis, the latter are construction of meaning. For identifying symbols and semantic analysis, boys are better than girls, forthe construction of meaning, boys and girls are almost. Specifically, High school students to accept new symbols are better to distinguish confused symbols. For semantic analysis, understanding the same sign in different contexts is best, mining the meaning of mathematical symbols hidden is followed, and the breadth of understanding the mathematical symbols is the worst. For the construction of meaning, the performances of high school students are poor, the choice of mathematical symbols is better than operations of symbols Representation of mathematical symbols, mathematical symbols representing written language is better than using mathematical language representation written language, boys and girls are almost. Specifically, Using written language representation mathematical symbols, high school students tread to represent literally; Using mathematical language represents words language, high school stud