桃种质资源若干植物学数量性状描述指标探析.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2005, 38(4):770-776 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 桃种质资源若干植物学数量性状描述指标探讨 王力荣，朱更瑞，方伟超 （中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所，郑州 450009 ） 摘要：国际遗传资源研究所 1980 年编制的桃[Prunus persica ( L.) Batsch]种质资源评价系统对于所有 的数量性状均无数值指标，中国1990年出版的《果树种质资源描述符》中的桃仅个别性状具有数量指标或参照品 种。本研究根据国家果树种质郑州桃圃 1986～2002 的调查资料，建立了桃主要植物学数量性状描述规范。346～ 476份桃品种资源主要性状及其变异系数分别为花径19.55%，果实纵径14.24%、果实横径10.36%、果实侧径11.44%， 核长度19.04%、核宽度10.86%、核厚度11.19%，叶长度7.9%、叶宽度10.55%和叶柄长度19.03%。根据其分布状 况，提出 5 级数值分级指标和参照品种，其中 3 级作为中间级，其分布概率均大于 39%；每个性状的每个等级均 有2个参照品种，分别为美国品种和中国品种，且尽量选择育种者公知或广泛栽培的品种。 关键词：桃；种质资源；植物学数量性状；描述 The Evaluating Criteria of Some Botanical Quantitative Characters of Peach Genetic Resources WANG Li-rong ，ZHU Geng-rui ，FANG Wei-chao （Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009 ） Abstract: There were two peach descriptions, one from IPRGI in 1980, another from China in 1990. Yet the former only has referenced cultivars without quantity grades, the latter only has some characteristics list. Both of them make breeders difficult to share genetic resource information. In order to descript the main quantitative characteristics, a new system was established. 10 kinds characteristics of 346-476 peach cultivars were investigated from 1986 to 2002 in National Peach Genetic Collection of Zhengzhou City in China. These characters and their coefficients of variation were flower diameter19.55%, length diameter of fruit 14.24%, cheek diameter of fruit 10.36%, suture diameter of fruit 11.44%, stone length 19.04%, stone width 10.86%, stone thickness 11.19%, leaf length 7.9%, leaf width 10.55 and leaf stalk length 19.03%, respectively. Grade index and reference cultivars were given by statistical data for peach description. These grade i