设施黄瓜连作和轮作中土壤微生物群落多样性的变化及其与产量品质的关系[J].pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2007,40(10):2274-2280 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 设施黄瓜连作和轮作中土壤微生物群落多样性的变化 及其与产量品质的关系 吴凤芝，王学征 （东北农业大学园艺学院，哈尔滨 150030） 摘要:【目的】研究设施黄瓜连作和轮作中，土壤微生物多样性的变化及其对产量品质的影响。【方法】利用 RAPD 技术研究了设施黄瓜连作和轮作对土壤微生物群落 DNA 序列多样性及产量品质的影响。【结果】连作黄瓜 2 年和 7 年的土壤微生物群落多样性指数、丰富度及其均匀度指数均随着黄瓜种植年限的增加而降低，黄瓜产量显 著下降。而对于 15、18 和 21 年 3 种轮作种植的土壤，尽管其种植年限较长，但其微生物群落 DNA 序列多样性及 均匀度均高于7年黄瓜连作的土壤，而且黄瓜VC 含量均高于连作土壤。【结论】设施栽培条件下，轮作有利于土壤 微生物群落的多样性和稳定性的提高，有利于土壤生态环境的改善和黄瓜产量品质的形成。 关键词：RAPD；多样性指数；均匀度指数；产量；品质 Effect of Monocropping and Rotation on Soil Microbial Community Diversity and Cucumber Yield, Quality Under Protected Cultivation WU Feng-zhi, WANG Xue-zheng (College of Horticulture, North East Agricultural University, Harbin 150030) Abstract: 【Objective 】 The objective of the experiment is to study the effect of monocropping and rotation on microbial community diversity and cucumber yield and quality. 【Method 】 RAPD techniques were adopted to study the effect of monocropping and rotation on DNA sequence diversity of microbial community and cucumber yield and quality. 【Result 】 The diversity index, richness and evenness index of microbial community in the 2-year and 7-year monocropping soil decreased with the increasing of planting history, and cucumber yield dropped obviously. However, in 15-year, 18-year and 21-year rotation soil, even though the planting history was longer, the DNA sequence diversity and evenness of microbial community were both higher than those in the 7-year monocropping soil, and also the vitamin C content in cucumber of rotation was higher than that of monocropping. 【Conclusion 】Under protected cultivation, crop rotation is propitious to DNA sequence diversity and stabil