外商直接投资和当地联系：一个实证调查外文翻译.docVIP

毕业论文（设计）外文翻译 外文原文 Foreign Direct Investment and Local Linkages: An Empirical Investigation Abstract and Key Results ■ This paper investigates the quantity and quality of indirect, transactional and collaborative linkages between foreign affiliates and domestic firms based in New Zealand. Seven clusters of affiliates are differentiated by linkage formation behaviour. ■ Only fourteen percent of affiliates actively engaged in a broad spectrum of linkages, including alliances. Thirty-nine percent appear limited to demonstration and competition effects. Researchers and policy makers should recognise FDI heterogeneity with regard to impact on domestic industries. ■ The results find competitive influence, levels of competition, motives for investment, business activity, technology transfer, age and ownership form are significantly associated with linkage clusters. Keywords：Foreign Direct Investment, Multinational Enterprises, Linkages, Spillovers, Competition, Suppliers, Alliances IntroductionThe extant literature suggests that inward foreign direct investment (FDI) can contribute to increased productivity of host country resources, skills, and knowledge accumulation by domestic firms, as well as production, exporting and technological capability (Blomstr?m 1989, Dunning/Narula 1996, Kokko et al. 1996, Aitken et al. 1997). These effects can be attributed to spillovers from affiliates of foreign multinational enterprises (MNEs) to domestic firms of assets, technology and capabilities that accompany inward FDI (Dunning 1993). However, many studies, particularly those undertaken in developing or transitional country contexts, suggest that inward FDI does not necessarily result in beneficial spillovers (e.g. Aitken/ Harrison 1999, Bosco 2001, Günther 2005). This finding has been attributed to the limited number and/or intensity of linkages formed by different types of foreign affiliates in different host economy contexts (McIntyre et al. 1996). Therefore, understanding the rel