跨国企业的战略针对中国的崛起外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 The strategy of multinational enterprises in the light of the rise of China 1. Introduction This paper examines the development of strategies of multinational ?rms against the background of the globalisation of markets. It is argued that markets are integrated globally at differential speeds and that this provides opportunities for multinational ?rms who are also key drivers in the processes of globalisation. Location and ownership strategies are analysed in detail together with policies concerning the crucial role of knowledge creation and management. The concept of ‘‘the global factory’’ is introduced as an integrated network (often controlled by a focal ?rm) that combines core functions, distributed manufacturing and service operations and marketing networks. The paper then examines the rise of China as a world economic power. The challenges facing China are delineated with particular attention to the challenges facing multinational ?rms in China. Constraints on Chinese growth are examined—it may seem strange to investigate such constraints when China is growing at an historically unprecedented rate but severe restrictions are appearing on its future growth potential. This then leads on to the crucial needs of the Chinese economy and to the role that multinational ?rms can play in the future. The ?nal section examines strategy in the current Chinese context. 2. The con?ict of markets with national policies in the global economy As Sideri (1997, p. 38) says ‘‘Globalisation is essentially a process driven by economic forces. Its immediate causes are: the spatial reorganisation of production, international trade and the integration of ?nancial markets’’. It is not therefore uniform across economic space—‘‘the segmentation of the manufacturing process into multiple partial operations which combined with the development of cheap transportation and communication networks, has brought the increasing division of production into separate stages carried out i