南亚的比较视野中的出口结构外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 原文 south Asias export structure in a comparative perspective Material Source: Institute of Development Studies Working Paper No. 91 Author:Jorg Mayer World-wide cross-country regressions are used to examine South Asia’s export structure through the lens of Heckscher ±Ohlin trade theory. By comparison with other regions,South Asia’s exports are unusually concentrated on labour-intensive manufactures. This distinctive export structure is shown to be the result mainly of South Asia’s distinctive combination of resources: by comparison with other regions, it has a low level of education and few natural resources, relative to its supply of labour. This basic economic fact must be recognized in the design of trade and development strategy for South Asia over the next few decades. 1.introduction south Asias persistent poverty and limited integration with the world economy are in sharp contrast to the successful export-oriented industrialization of its neighbour,East Asia. this paper seeks to shed light on this contrast,and to contribute to trade and development strategy in South Asia,by examining and explaning the structure(or commodity composition)of the exports of both Asian regions in a world-wide comparative context. the central hypothesis of the paper is that differences among countries in the broad features of their export structure are the result mainly of differences in supplies of human and natural resources-differences which,moreover,change over time only slowly. section 2 explains why and how the export structure of a country is influenced by its human and natural resources,both in theory and in practice. section 3 discusses the implications of the results for South Asias export prospects and policies. 2.Influence of Resources on Export Structure That the composition of a country’s exports is influuenced by its resources is an old idea,and a simple one. The mixture of goods which people want to consume varies less among countries