基于单片机的外测式液位仪控制电路毕业设计.docVIP

基于单片机的外测式液位仪控制电路设计 摘 要 液位检测技术在现代化工业生产中应用十分广泛，如：水位的测量、大型油罐液位的测量等。随着智能仪器概念的提出，在电子和微控制芯片发展的基础上，液位仪器也经历着日新月异的变化。 本论文介绍了一种由AT89C51单片机为主控元件的超声波液位测量系统。文中给出了系统的硬件设计各个功能机器原理图，同时给出软件系统程序设计方法，系统实现了标准液位的检测及显示功能。该系统硬件电路设计包含了超声波发射电路、接收电路、温度测量电路和液晶显示电路。在设计中，由于需要测量的距离范围从几米到十几米，针对超声波振幅在传播时呈指数衰减的特性，最大限度地提高驱动能力，对回波进行多级放大，达到了设计要求。由于测量精度要求很高，系统进行了温度补偿设计。软件设计中，采用模块化程序设计思想，将软件主要分为超声波驱动与数据处理模块、功能模块两大模块。对软件的这种“自顶向下”的模块化软件编程方法能使软件的结构清晰，有利于软件的调试和修改。 关键词：超声波，AT89C51，液位测量 Based on SCM Level Titration Instrument Control The Circuit Design ABSTRACT The technique of fluid level detect is extremely widespread in modern industrial production, for example: the measurement of meteorological water level，giant oil pot fluid level, and so on. Along with the advanced intelligent instrument conception, on the basis of development the electronic and the micro control chip, the fluid level instrument is taking on daily variations. The thesis introduces an ultrasonic wave liquid measuring system that uses AT89C51 as major controlling components, and gives the principle of hardware designing of the system, and the programming method, which achieves the measure and displaying the liquid level. The system hardware circuit design includes ultrasound circuit, receiving circuit, temperature measurement circuit and liquid crystal display circuit. In the design, due to the need for measuring distance range from a few meters to ten meters, when in ultrasonic amplitude attenuation exponentially in spreading the characteristics, maximize drive ability, to the echo on multi-level amplifier and meet the design requirements. Due to high required measure precision of temperature compensation, system design.The software design, design ideas, adopt modularization program mainly divided into the ultrasonic driver software with data processing module, function module two big modules. Software for this top-down modular software programming method can make clear, the structure of software for the commissioning and modify the s