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CHAPTER 3:Jewish犹太 Culture The Old Testament圣约书(pages 50-66) Jewish History Jewish culture is known for its contribution to religion AND their persecution迫害 throughout自始至终 history Star of David Hexagram 六线型(two equilateral triangles等边三角形) One triangle represents the ruling tribe部落 of Judah The other the former ruling tribe of Benjamin Dalet and Yud, the two letters assigned to Judah There are 12 Vav or “men” representing the 12 tribes or patriarchs族长 of Israel Western Wall / “Wailing Wall” The city served as the capital of the united kingdom of Israel以色列.? It was in Jerusalem where most of the great prophets先知 were writing, articulating口才好的 spiritual and ethical道德原则 principles that would transcend胜过 the city‘s narrow confines to局限于 become pillars柱子 of the Jewish spirit. In 586 BCE Jerusalem was invaded by the Babylonians. At the order of Nebuchadnezzar Jerusalem was torched火把, the Jerusalem Temple was destroyed, and the people were taken into exile充军. Ever since the Jerusalem western wall?is the most sacred神圣的 place of Judaism and the holiest最圣洁 place for all Jews both in Israel and worldwide Formation形成 of the Jewish Nation Descendants后代 of Abraham Emigrated from Mesopotamia 16th c. BC settled in North Egypt ? entered Caanan in the 12th c. BC After many wars w/ local tribes they settled on both sides of the river Formed a unified统一的 nation by uniting使联合、合并 tribes that were fighting Philistines (Palestinians巴勒斯坦人) Formation of the Jewish Nation… Saul (1040 BC - 1012 BC) first king King David (1012 BC - 972 BC) Solomon (972 BC – 932 BC)*** Raised taxes enforced labor Imperial palaces皇城 Temples Made Jerusalem the national capital The Division Fall of堕落 Israel After Solomon’s death the country began to separate into 2 parts 1. Israel 2. Judah犹大 722 BC Assyrian King sacked洗劫 Jerusalem, and took 27,000 Israeli’s Country Ruined 568 BC Nebuchadnezzar II, king of Babylonia took over接管、接收 Judah “The Babylonian Captivity”巴比伦囚虐 The Suffering Departure of the Jews Reco