基于车道单点交叉口公交被动优先控制模型.docVIP

基于车道的单点交叉口公交被动优先控制模型 马万经 杨晓光 （同济大学 道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室 上海 201804） 摘要：公交被动优先控制的问题之一为在信号控制优化过程中没有考虑车道功能划分的影响。本文针对此问题，从车道功能—信号控制组和优化的角度，利用通用的Dual-Ring结构，提出分别以交叉口公交车延误、交叉口社会车辆延误、社会车辆通行能力为目标的基于车道（Lane-based）的单点交叉口公交被动优先控制多目标优化模型。给出了包括车道数、信号配时参数等一组约束条件以确保信号控制及车道功能划分解的可行性和交叉口的安全。设计了NSGAII算法对模型进行了求解。算例分析表明，本文的被动优先方法能够在对社会车辆总体运行状况影响较小的情况下，显著减少公交车均延误。 1、左转更多的车道 2 支路更多的车道 该算法可以更好地解决物流配送路径优化的多目标问题,较快找到更优解,避免早熟收敛并改进算法性能,达到较高的搜索效率 关键词：公交被动优先；单点交叉口；车道功能；信号配时；组合优化 Lane-Based Optimization Model of Passive Bus Priority Signal Timings for Isolated Intersection MA Wan-jing, YANGXiao-guang （Tongji University, Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201804, China） Abstract: One of critical problems of passive bus signal priority strategies is lacking of considerations of lanes allocation in the optimization process of signal timings. A lane-based multi-objectives model was proposed based on the idea of integrated design and combination optimization of lane markings and signal timings. Minimizing bus delay, minimizing delay of motor vehicles and maximum of motor vehicle capacity were adopted as objectives and Dual-Ring structure was used. A set of constraints including number of different functional lanes and length of signal timings were set up to ensure feasibility and safety of the resulting optimal lane markings and signal settings. A NSGAII algorithm was designed to solve the model. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method Key words: Passive bus signal priority, isolated intersection; lane markings; signal timings; integrated optimization 0 引言 Wilbur（1967）等人对两个信号控制交叉口通过手动信号提供公交优先的研究[1]拉开了公交优先控制研究的序幕。TCRP(1998)报告将公交优先分为被动优先，主动优先和实时优先[2]。其中，被动优先是后续的主动优先和实时优先的基础。 被动优先（Passive Priority）是在离线方案设计给与公交车辆优先权的一种优先控制策略，很早就得到了研究者的重视。Yagar(1993), Christopher (2000), Chang(2002)等人先后研究了被动优先控制策略及其影响因素。杨晓光（2001），季彦婕[7]，张卫华[8]等提出了基于公交优先通行的交叉口信号相位设计和配时方法。总体而言，相关研究说明，在公交需求较大的情况下，被动优先控制能够取得较好的效益，但也会不可避免的带来对非公交车流特别