我国饮食结构变化对农业温室气体排放的影响.pdfVIP

中国环境科学 2013,33(10) ：1876~1883 China Environmental Science 我国饮食结构变化对农业温室气体排放的影响 王 晓 1*,齐 晔 2 (1. 中节能咨询有限公司,北京 100082 ；2.清华大学公共管理学院,气候政策研究中心,北京 100084) 摘要：从食物消费端入手,研究饮食结构变化对农业温室气体排放的影响.研究显示我国食物消费呈现出动物性食物替代粮食消费的趋势, 动物性食物的温室气体排放系数是植物性食物的 7 倍以上.1990~2010 年人均食物消费相关的温室气体排放增长了 39%, 肉类消费已成为食 物消费中最大的温室气体排放来源,且还将持续增长.当我国人均收入达到 2010 年美国水平时,世界平均肉类消费水平、高肉类消费水平、 低肉类消费水平和营养均衡消费水平四种情景下,人均肉类消费的温室气体排放将比 2010 年分别增长 47.8%、119.9%、4.8% 、-29.6%.我 国食物消费应当提倡在保障均衡营养摄入的前提下,适当减少肉类消费,达到温室气体减排、资源节约、污染减排的协同效应. 关键词：饮食结构；农业温室气体；动物性食物；植物性食物 中图分类号：X24 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2013)10-1876-08 1* 2 Impact of diet structure change on agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in China. WANG Xiao , Qi Ye (1. China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group Consulting Co., Ltd., Beijing 100082, China ；2.School of Public Policy and Management, Climate Policy Initiative, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China). China Environmental Science, 2013,33(10)：1876~1883 Abstract ：Agricultural greenhouse gas emission caused by diet structure change was researched based on food consumption in this paper. Research stated that grain consumption was gradually replaced by animal-based food consumption in China, which was 7times greenhouse gas emission than plant-based food. The greenhouse gas emission related to average food consumption in 2010 increased 39% compared with that in 1990. Meat consumption has become the major source of greenhouse gas emission, and will increase constantly in future. Scenarios were set as world average, high, low meat consumption and balanced diet when income per person in China increased to that of USA in 2010. Greenhouse gas emission caused by mea