EnglishvsChineseTenPairsofFeatures英汉对比研究.pptVIP

is featured by more active sentences, or more active sentences in form but passive in mea- ning, personal subjects, or subjectless and subject-omitted sentences when the subject is self-evident, unknown or implied in the context. As a result of the above differences, the conversion of English impersonal subjects into Chinese personal subjects is often em- ployed in translation. (1) An idea suddenly struck me. 我突然想到了一个主意。 (2) A strange peace came over her when she was alone. 她独处时感到一种莫名奇妙 的宁静。 (3) Alarm began to take entire possession of her. 他开始变得惊恐万状。 (4) From the moment we stepped into the People’s Republic of China, care and kindness surrounded us on every side. 一踏上中华人民共和国国土, 我们就随 时随地受到关怀与照顾。 (5) The happiness –– the superior advan- tages of the young women round about her, gave Rebecca inexpressible pangs of envy. 丽贝卡看见周围的小姐那么福气， 享受种种优越的权利，就有说不出的 眼红和痛心。 (6) Specialties in colleges and universities should be adjusted and teaching methods improved. 应该调整高等院校的专业设置, 改进教学方法。 六、Passive vs. Active（被动与主动） Passives of various forms are frequent- ly used in English mainly due to the following reasons: 1) When the agent of action is unknown or self-evident, or it is unnecessary or impos- sible to mention the agent. E.g. It is said that the murderer will be hanged. 2) Syntactic factors: for cohesion, balance, end focus, weight, etc. E.g. I was astounded that he should be prepared to give me a job. 3) Rhetorical factors: for variation, etc. e.g. The basic English sentence pattern of sub- Ject-verb-object can be varied in many ways. 4) Stylistic factors: more passives in infor- mative writing, notably in the objective, imper- sonal style of scientific articles, news items and government communications. E.g. The resis