如何管理SCM.pptVIP

Supply Chain Management: The Game Developed for the Engineering Management Program James R. Holt, Ph.D., PE./fac/holt/ Washington State University ?2001 * IBU IBU IBU IBU IBU IBU IBU IBU IBU IBU Raw Material Supplier Final Customer Buyer Individual Business Units Work flows into the System Work flows out of the System Work flows through the System Raw Material supplier has infinite capacity and instantaneous delivery. Sells RM for $2 per unit. Each unit is represented in the system by a token. Final Customer Buyer purchase on average 2.5 units per period at a price of $22 each. The demand curve is:1, 0, 3, 0, 5, 6 (based on a fair die counting 0 to replace the 2 and 4 sides). Expected average gross sales then is $55 per period. Individual Business Units start with 5 units of raw material. Each period, they produce according to the roll of a fair die. They control (negotiate with their supplier) how much input material they buy each week. They sell (negotiate transfer with their customer) Finished Goods at a price $2 above what they pay their supplier. Inventory Holding Costs are $0.50 per unit in Raw Material or in Finished Goods each period. If the average production is 2.5 units ($5.00) and average inventory is 5 units ($2.50), and periodic Operating Expenses are $2, the expected profit would be about $0.50 per period. The Total System then sells each unit for $22 (final product price). The cost-of-goods-sold or raw material cost is $2 per unit. The Total System pays Inventory Holding Costs of $0.50 per unit per period for all inventory as long as it is in the system. This covers the expense of warehousing, transportation, scrape and loss. The total system has a periodic Operating Expense of $20 per period (10 Individual Business Units * $2 each). The expected average profit for the system is not high: Average sales of 2.5 per units per period * $22 - $2 (gross profit per unit) - $25 (expected Inventory Holding Cost for 50 units in the syst