30万吨大庆原油常压工艺设计.docVIP

30万吨大庆原油常压工艺设计 摘要 本次设计基本是针对年处理量30万吨大庆原油的常压蒸馏设计。自2008全球金融危机在全世界范围内蔓延开来，全球的物价，尤其是石油涨幅令人瞠目结舌。此外，随着世界油价的普遍走高，全国唯一逆差最大的行业--石化行业，面对着严峻的挑战，所以必须要在石化工艺上出新的突破。原油常压蒸馏作为原油的一次加工工艺，在原油加工总流程中占有重要作用，在炼厂具有举足轻重的地位，其运行的好坏直接影响到后续的加工过程。其中重要的分离设备—常压塔的设计，是能否获得高收率、高质量油的关键。近年来常质量提高。但与国外先进水平相比，仍存在较大的差距。为了更好地提高原油的生产能力，本着投资少，能耗低，效益高的思想对大庆混合原油进行常压蒸馏设计。设计的基本方案是：本设计采用常压塔，常压塔采取双侧线，常压塔塔顶生产汽油，两个侧线分别生产煤油，柴油，塔底为重油。设计了一个常压塔一段汽化蒸馏装置，此装置由一台管式加热炉、一个常压塔以及若干台换热器完善的换热流程应达到要求：充分利用各种余热；换热器的换热强度较大； 原油流动压力降较 为侧线产品设汽提塔。流程简单，投资和操作费用较少。原油在这 样的蒸馏装置下，可以得到 350-360℃以前的几个馏分，可以用作 石脑油、汽油、煤油、轻柴油、重柴油产品，也可分别作为重整化工（如轻油裂解）等装置的原料。蒸余的塔底重油可作钢铁或其它工业的燃料。在某些特定的情况下也可以作催化裂化或加氢裂化装置的原料。本次设计共用 31块浮阀塔板，塔板间距0.6m，塔径2.4m，塔高度21.182m.换热流程一共通过12次换热达到工艺要求，换热效率是65.9%,另外本设计利用了Aspen Plus进行了物料和热量方面核算及优化，利用CAD完成了流程图和常压塔的绘制工作。 Daqing 300000 tons of crude oil process design Abstract This design is the basic of atmospheric distillation for the annual handling capacity of 300000 tons of crude oil from Daqing. Spread from the 2008 global financial crisis worldwide, the global commodity prices, especially oil or a be struck dumb. In addition, as world oil prices generally higher, the only the largest deficit industry, petrochemical industry, is facing severe challenges, so must the new breakthrough in petrochemical process. A crude oil atmospheric distillation as a crude oil processing technology, plays an important role in the crude oil processing process, has play a decisive role position in refinery, its operation has a direct influence on the subsequent processing process. Design of separation equipment important atmospheric tower one, is the key to obtain high yield, high quality oil. In recent years, atmospheric and vacuum distillation technology and experience of management innovation, device energy consumption significantly, improve product quality. But compared with foreign advanced level, there are still large gaps. In order to improve oil production capacity, with less investment, low energy consumption, high efficiency thought dis