2010-2015学年高中英语 Unit 4 Period Two Learning about Language同步精品学案 新人教版必修1.DOCVIP

Period Two　Learning about Language 关系代词引导的定语从句 定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，其中that，which，who在从句中作主语或宾语，whom作宾语，whose用作定语。 1．that既可以指物，也可以指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略，但不能直接跟在介词后。 The woman that burst out of the room just now was angry with you. 刚才冲出房间的那个女士生你的气了。(指人，作主语) This is the novel that interests me. 这就是让我感兴趣的那本小说。(指物，作主语) The magazine (that) I bought yesterday is lost. 我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。(指物，作宾语) 2．which用来指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略，但直接跟在介词后时不能省略。 The United States is a country which has a short history. 美国是一个历史很短的国家。(作主语) I have lost the book (which) you lent me yesterday. 我把你昨天借给我的那本书弄丢了。(作lent的宾语) This is the house in which I once lived. 这是我曾经住过的房子。(作介词in的宾语) 3．who用来指人，可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略，但直接跟在介词后时需用whom，且不能省略。 The man who is talking with my father is a policeman. 正在与我父亲谈话的那个人是警察。(作主语) The professor (who/whom) you wish to see has gone abroad. 你希望见的那位教授出国了。(作宾语) He is the doctor to whom your mother spoke. 他就是与你母亲谈过话的那位医生。(作介词to的宾语，不用who，不能省略) 4．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语。 This is the woman scientist whose name is known all over the country. 这就是那位闻名全国的女科学家。 He lives in a room whose window faces north. 他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。 注意：whose 通常可用“the＋n.＋of whom/which”替换，以上两句可以分别替换成： This is the woman scientist，the name of whom is known all over the country. He lives in a room，the window of which faces north. 5．在以下情况中用that不用which。 (1)当先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。 All that is needed has been bought. 所需要的一切都已经买全了。 (2)当先行词是形容词最高级或序数词或被其修饰时。 The first thing that should be done is to get some food. 要做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 (3)当先行词被the very，the only等修饰时。 That’s the only thing that we can do now. 那是目前我们唯一能做的事。 (4)当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。 They talked about the persons and things that they saw in the factory. 他们谈论起在工厂里看到的人和事。 (5)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。 China is not the country that she used to be. 中国已经不是过去的中国了。 (6)当要避免与疑问词which重复时。 Which is the car that was made in Beijing? 哪辆车是北京制造的？ (7)当先行词为the way，the time，the period等时，关系代词用that，但通常被省略。 I don’t like the way (that) you spoke to her. 我不喜欢你跟她说话的方式。 6．以下情况中用which不用t