ALA转子电机无传感器变频调速系统实验的研究.pdf

摘 要 轴向叠片各向异性（ALA ）转子电机本质上属于磁阻同步电机，由于其转子特 殊的轴向叠片结构使其具有高凸极比，从而具有高转矩密度、高功率因数、低损耗 和控制简单可靠等优点，在高品质交流传动系统中具有广阔的应用前景。本文的研 究工作，目的在于通过与异步电机的对比实验，全面掌握样机的性能和缺点，进而 提出改进意见。 首先介绍了电气传动系统和通用变频器的发展概况，以及ALA 转子电机国内 外研究情况，并对ALA 转子电机工作原理、转子结构、数学模型进行了全面介绍。 其次推导ALA 转子电机的稳态性能公式，并与同定子的异步电机进行比较， 指出由于ALA 转子电机转子无铜耗，理论上其效率高于异步电机。在变频器开环 供电下，对两种电机的负载性能进行了对比实验研究。实验结果表明，由于变频器 谐波影响了ALA 转子电机的稳定性，使得定子电流波动比较大造成了铁心磁路饱 和，其带载能力有限。 再次，对变频器谐波及其引起的附加损耗进行了详细分析。为了排除变频器谐 波的影响，在变频机组供电的情况下再次进行负载实验，发现ALA 转子电机带载 能力大幅度提高，其效率与同定子的异步电机相比差不多。对两种电源供电下的损 耗进行了分析，结果表明转子铁心叠片易饱和导致电机凸极比下降，铁耗增加是造 成电机效率不高的主要原因。 最后，对实验研究成果进行了总结，并对下一步工作提出了建议。 关键词 轴向叠片各向异性（ALA ）转子电机；磁阻同步电机；异步电机；变压变 频调速；谐波损耗 I Abstract Axially-laminated anisotropic (ALA) rotor motor, a reluctance synchronous motor (RSM), is one of the competitive candidate for the advanced high-performance AC variable-speed drives. Due to the distinctive rotor laminated, this motor has a high saliency, which leads to higher torque density, higher efficiency, higher power factor, lower rotor loss and simpler control strategy compared to all other traditional motors. The purpose of this paper is to do some research on the performances and limitations of ALA rotor motor with comparing to induction motor, and to rise some improved suggestion as expected. Based on the wide investigation, the background of ALA rotor motor is highlighted first. Consequently, a comprehensive introduction to its principle, structure and mathematical model is performed. Second, the steady-state performance of ALA rotor motor is analyzed. Compared with induction motor, using the same stator but the different rotor, ALA rotor motor has a higher efficiency because of