kc第6讲义-数据库设计计(一)E-R模型方案.ppt

5-4 映射基数对E-R设计有影响吗？ Mapping Cardinalities affect ER Design Can make access-date an attribute of account, instead of a relationship attribute, if each account can have only one customer That is, the relationship from account to customer is many to one, or equivalently, customer to account is one to many 五 E-R设计问题 Weak Entity Sets An entity set that does not have a primary key is referred to as a weak entity set. (没有键的实体称为弱实体） The existence of a weak entity set depends on the existence of a identifying entity set 识别(主)实体集， it must relate to the identifying entity set via a total, one-to-many relationship set from the identifying to the weak entity set Identifying relationship depicted 描述 using a double diamond The discriminator鉴别键 (or partial key偏键) of a weak entity set is the set of attributes that distinguishes among all the entities of a weak entity set. The primary key of a weak entity set is formed by the primary key of the strong entity set on which the weak entity set is existence dependent, plus the weak entity set’s discriminator. We depict a weak entity set by double rectangles. We underline the discriminator of a weak entity set with a dashed line. 例子：弱实体集 5-5 什么是弱实体集？ 五 E-R设计问题 Weak Entity Sets – 例子 payment_number – discriminator of the payment entity set Primary key for payment – (loan_number, payment_number) Note: the primary key of the strong entity set is not explicitly stored with the weak entity set, since it is implicit in the identifying relationship. If loan_number were explicitly stored, payment could be made a strong entity, but then the relationship between payment and loan would be duplicated by an implicit relationship defined by the attribute loan_number common to payment and loan 五 E-R设计问题 6-1 什么叫实体集的特殊化？ Extended E-R Feature 1:  Specialization 特殊化 Top-down design process; we designate 指定 subgroupings 子集 within an entity set that are distinctive from other entities in the set. T