拓扑空间之间映射对主要拓扑性质保持性.docVIP

拓扑空间之间的映射对主要拓扑性质的保持性 摘 要 拓扑学是近代发展起来的一个数学分支，于19世纪中期由科学家引入，当时主要研究的是出于数学分析的需要而产生的一些几何问题发展至今，拓扑学主要研究拓扑空间在拓扑变换下的不变性质和不变量Lindeloff、紧致、可数紧致、序列紧致，从而它们也都是可商性质，不保持的性质有局部连通性、第一可数性、第二可数性、分离性、可度量化、仿紧致；然后，除了前面所说的可商性质外，还有局部连通性是可商性质，而第一可数性、第二可数性、有关分离性、可度量化、仿紧致都不是可商性质；最后，在开映射和闭映射下，这些拓扑性质都未必能保持，而对于那些在连续映射下也不保持的性质，通过进一步加强映射，发现在连续开映射下保持的有局部连通性、正规和正则，在连续闭映射下保持的有局部连通性、、、和正规。 关键词 连通性 可数性 分离性 紧性 映射 To Preserve the Topological Properties by Mappings between Two Topographical Spaces ABSTRACT Topology, as a branch of mathematics, was introduced by mathematicians in the middle of the nineteenth century and developed in recent years. Its main purpose is to study some geometric problems originated from mathematical analysis. Invariants and invariant properties of a topological space under topological transformations are the main objects of study. In recent years, Topology becomes more and more important, as its ideas gradually infiltrated into the field of physics, chemistry and biology. In General Topology, connectivity, countability, Axioms of separation, metrizability, and compactness of a topological space are the main contents of the subject. Whether some important topological properties are preserved under some main mappings has theoretical significance and value in the study of Topology. In this paper, based on the basic topological properties, we discuss whether the main topological properties are preserved under various mappings, such as continuous mapping, open mapping, closed mapping, quotient mappings, and homeomorphism mapping. We give the proofs for the affirmative ones and give counterexamples for the negative ones. First of all, all the topological properties involved in this article are topological invariant properties. Secondly, properties preserved under the continuous mappings are connectivity, path-connectivity, separability, Lindeloff, compactness, countable compact, and sequentially compact. Thus they are preserved under quotient mappings. Properties not preserved un