安徽野生扬子鳄生境现状及饲养种群繁殖力分析.pdfVIP

安徽野生扬子鳄生境现状及饲养种群繁殖力分析 摘 要 本文运用样方调查法、白天地面调查法和问卷调查法研究了 野生扬子鳄栖息地状况及种群大小，同时，作者还研究了安徽省扬 子鳄饲养种群的亲代、F1 代及F2 代扬子鳄的受精率、孵化率，运 用时间序列分析建立模型对5 年及10 年后扬子鳄饲养种群大小进 行了预测。结果表明：两组(有鳄与无鳄)样地的土壤中四种重金属 元素的含量没有明显差异；两组(有鳄与无鳄)样地水环境中 Pb 元 素的含量差异显著，其它三种重金属元素差异不显著。在选择的八 类生态因子中，岸线植被盖度对扬子鳄生存的影响最大 (OR=13.628) ，其次是水体 pH 值(OR=4.778)；再次是螺类丰富度 (OR=4.198)、苦竹密度(OR=4.149)、水域水面的稳定度(OR=4.088)、 土壤质地(OR=2.563) ；而水域中岛屿情况(OR=0.962) 、植被类型 (OR=0.352)对扬子鳄生存的影响最弱。估计野生扬子鳄种群实际大 小在122 条左右，分布于16 个斑块状栖息地。三代繁殖群体卵的 受精率和孵化率差异显著(P0.05) ，子代鳄的受精率下降明显；按 1982 至2003 年“中心”内扬子鳄个体的平均保存率，本文还对5 年和 10 年后的扬子鳄饲养种群进行了预测，为饲养种群的建设和 管理提供理论依据。 关键词：扬子鳄，生境特征，受精率，孵化率，种群动态 The habitat status of wild Chinese alligator and the analysis on the fecundity of Captive population in Anhui Abstract In this research, questionnaires, ground investigation in daylight and sampling quadrat methods were used to study the habitat status quo and population size of the Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis); meanwhile, the author also investigated the fertilizing rate and the incubating rate of the Chinese alligator from parental generation, F1 generation F2 generation. The model established by Time Series Analysis method was used to anticipate the breeding population size of the Chinese alligator in 5-year 10-year. The results showed that between the two sample sites (with alligator and without), no significant difference was found in the four heavy metal elements contents of the soil and three heavy metal elements (Cu, Zn, Cd) contents of the water samples, while the difference of Pb elements of the water samples is significant; The association of the selected 8 factors to the survival of the wild Chinese alligator followed the following desce