林地变为玉米地后土壤轻质部分有机碳的13C12C 比值的变化.docVIP

文章编号：1008-181X（2000）03-0218-05 林地变为玉米地后土壤轻质部分有机碳的13C/12C比值的变化 朴河春1，余登利2，刘启明1，郭景恒1，冉景丞2 （1：中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室，贵州 贵阳 550002；2：贵州茂兰国家级喀斯特森林保护区管理处，贵州 荔波 558400） 摘要：为了观察森林生态系统转变为农业生态系统后土壤有机碳的变化，选择贵州喀斯特森林区为研究对象，采集了林地和邻近的玉米地土壤剖面样品，并按土壤密度把土壤样品分级成轻质部分和重质部分。林地和玉米地土壤均为石灰土。玉米地土壤风化相对较强，淋溶严重而贫瘠，并且所返还的植物残留物数量很少。实验结果表明，林地土壤轻质部分的(13C值明显低于重质部分，而玉米地土壤轻质部分的(13C值明显高于重质部分，说明植物残留物首先进入到轻质部分。然而，由于当地的耕作习惯，输入到玉米地土壤轻质部分的玉米残留物的数量很少，只有48%，这是初级生产力低下的主要原因。 关键词：密度分级；土壤有机质；天然13C丰度；植物残留物；喀斯特森林；贵州 中图分类号：S153.6+21 文献标识码：A Changes of Natural 13C Abundance in Light Fration in Cleared Maolan Karst Forest Soils Converted to Maize Cropping PIAO He-chun1，YU Deng-li2，LIU Qi-ming1，GUO Jing-heng1，RAN Jing-cheng2 （1: The State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China; 2: The Management of Maolan National Nature Reserve in Guizhou, Libo, Guizhou 558400, China） Abstract: Soil samples from forest and corn fields in the Maolan karst region of southwest China were collected and separated into light and heavy fractions to investigate the changes of soil organic carbon in forest soils now used for the continuous cropping of corn. The forest and the cultivated soils are limesoils (Alfisols). These agricultural soils are relatively weathered, leached and impoverished, and have a low input of plant residues. In cultivated soils, some residues of the main C4 crop, namely maize, have been incorporated into the soils, along with some residues of C3 plants, namely soybean and sweet potato, which were occasionally planted, and weeds. The δ13C value of organic C in light fraction of forest soils were significantly lower than that of heavy fraction. In contrast, The δ13C value of organic C in light fraction of corn fields were higher than that of heavy fraction, indicating that corn residues were firstly incorporated into light fraction. However, the ratio of organic C originated from corn residues was small, only was 48%, reflecting