一种含有端粒重复序列非编码RNA的发现及最新研究进展.pdfVIP

第22卷 第9期 生命科学 Vol. 22, No. 9 2010年9月 Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences Sep., 2010 文章编号 ：1004-0374(2010)09-0919-06 一种含有端粒重复序列非编码 RNA 的发现及 最新研究进展 刘　娟，邢金良 * (第四军医大学基础部细胞工程中心，西安710032) 摘　要：端粒是染色体末端的特化结构，由简单呈串联线性排列的核酸重复序列及相关蛋白质组成。 其核酸序列具有高度的保守性，均富含GC。在人类为TTAGGG 的高度重复序列具有维持基因组完整性 的作用。端粒功能异常会导致染色体失去稳定性，促进肿瘤的发生和发展。以往认为端粒附近区域不 具有转录活性，但最近在Science 杂志上Azzalin 等首次报道了该区域可以转录一种非编码RNA，即端 粒RNA(telomeric RNA)。该分子具有特殊的UUAGGG 重复序列，在调控端粒长度和端粒酶活性上具有 重要作用，在发育、衰老和肿瘤发生发展等研究中已成为热点。该文将对近期有关端粒 R N A 的研究 进展予以综述。 关键词：端粒 R N A ；端粒重复序列；非编码 R N A 中图分类号：Q522;R730.231.3 文献标识码：A The discovery and research advances of a telomeric repeat-containing non-coding RNA LIU Juan, XING Jin-liang* (Cell Engineering Research Center, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China) Abstract: Telomeres, the specialized structure of chromosomes ends, consist of tandem arrays of DNA repeats and related proteins. Telomeres are conserved during biological evolution and rich in GC nucletide. Telomeres contain TTAGGG repeats in human, which are responsible for maintaining genomic integrity. Telomeres’ dysfunction leads to chromosome instability, and contributes to tumor development. It has long been consid- ered that telomeres are transcription- silenced. However, a recent study reported for the first time that a long non-coding RNA was transcribed from this region, named telomeric RNA. The molecule has a special sequence of UUAGGG repeats, plays an important role in the regulation of telomere length and telomerase activity, and has already become a hot spot in the research field of develop