急性肺栓塞的早期诊断及治疗.pdfVIP

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急性肺栓塞的早期诊断及治疗.pdf

安 徽 医 学 第34卷第8期 1100 AnhuiMedicalJournal 2013年8月 急性肺栓塞的早期诊断及治疗 刘 玲 李晓静 王玉兰 [摘 要] 目的 探讨急性肺动脉栓塞的临床特点,早期诊断并积极干预治疗,降低临床死亡率和致残率。方法 回顾性分 析 100例急性肺动脉栓塞患者的临床资料,对易患因素、症状、体征、实验室检查、心电图检查和影像学资料、危险分层、治疗和预后 进行分析。结果 早期急性肺动脉栓塞临床表现中呼吸困难93.0%、肺动脉高压57.0%、晕厥 16%最常见 ;高危患者占20%,中危 者 占33%,低危占47%;治疗上,低分子肝素和华法林抗凝者90例,占90%;尿激酶溶栓者7例,占7%;介人碎栓2例 (2%);手术 取栓 1例 (1%),治疗好转86例86%,死亡 14例(14%)。结论 呼吸困难、肺动脉高压和晕厥是急性肺动脉栓塞主要表现 ,结合D 二聚体、B超、cT等影像学检查可提高早期诊断率;根据危险分层,采取溶栓或抗凝治疗 ,是目前治疗肺动脉栓塞的主要措施。 【关键词] 急性肺动脉栓塞;溶栓 ;抗凝;碎栓 ;下腔静脉滤器植入 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000—0399.2013.08.014 Diagnosisandtreatmentofacutepulmonarythromboembolism LiuLing,LiXiaofing,WangYulan DepartmentofEmergency,AnhuiProvincialHospitalAffiliatedtoAnhuiMedicalUnive~ity,HeFei230001,China [Abstract] 0bjective Toanalyzetheclinicalcharacteristicsoftheacutepulmonarythromboembolism(APTE)anddiagnoseand treattheAPTEintheearlystageinordertolowerthemortalityandmutilationrate.M ethods Clinicaldataof100APTEwereretrospectively analyzed,includingthe liabilityfactor,symptoms,signs,laboratory examination,electrocardiogram examination,imageology data,risk stratification,treatmentaswellasprognosis.Results TheclinicalmanifestationintheearlystageofAPTEincludingdyspnea(93%),pul— monaryhypertension(57%),andsyncope(16%),whichwerethemainmanifestation.Patientswithhighriskaccountedfor20%,middle riskfor33% ,whilelowriskfor47%.Ninetypatientsweretreatedwithlowmolecularheparinandwarfarin(90%);7patientsweretreated withurodinaseofrthrombolysis(7%);2patientsweretreatedwithpercutaneouscatheterembolectomyandfragmentation(2%);1wastrea— tedwithsurgicalpulmonaryembolectomy.84% ofthesepatientsweregettingbetter,while14% weredead.Conclusion Dyspnea,pulmo— naryhypertensionandsyncoperaethemainmanifestationsofAPTE.CombinedwithD—dimer,B—ultrasound,CTimageologydata,andSO on,theearlydiagnosticratecanbeincreased.Th

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