intertextuality and Ocular echoism 07教程.pptVIP

Intertextuality Chapter 4 Norman Fairclough Discourse and Social Change Origins and Development Term coined by Kristeva in reference to Bakhtin’s –translinguistic approach to text analysis as specifically linked to his theory of genre Kristeva notes that intertexuality implies ‘the insertion of history (society) into a text and of this text into history’ . Bakhtin points to how text responds to other text and shapes or anticipates new texts - this concept is neglected in mainstream linguistics HISTORY/SOCIETY TEXT TEXT HISTORY/SOCIETY Ocular Echoism the art of ellis g http://www.current.tv/watch/2850289 Vertical and Horizontal Horizontal and vertical dimensions/axes of intertextuality Horizontal is what text come before and what texts follow - connected dialogically between author, reader, writer, speaker, listener Vertical references the text historically or socially to other texts EX: A poem I wrote about Iraq may have the following intertextual spheres Our-own-ness Our speech is filled with others words … All constituted by elements of other texts … Think about phrases/words/ideas you use as your own. Where do they come from? How did they come to you? How have you transformed them? Relationship between intertextuality and hegemony or power(helps explain interdiscursivity) Intertexuality points to how texts are produced and can transform prior understandings, restructure existing ideas and generate new ones. Ability to do this requires access – that access is socially constrained Who has access? What texts/voices/stories/discourses are privileged? Example: axis of evil Critical Dimensions in Discourse Analysis Manifest intertextuality - Present in text, marked or cued, or present through reference or response to previous text. Interdiscursivity (constitutive intertextuality) - orders of discourse weigh over types of discourse. Content over carriage. Applied to societal order, institutional order, type of discourse