【词汇讲解】 Module2 Fantasy Literature _CPhilip Pullman 词汇疑难解答.docVIP

【词汇讲解】 Module2 Fantasy Literature –Philip Pullman 词汇疑难解答 (适用于外研版选修⑥Module2 单元讲解) 问：老师 “ He came _____ his temper. A. close to lose B. close to losing C. closely to lose D. closely to losing”这道题应选哪个答案，为什么？ 答：这道题应选B。本句的意思是“他差点发脾气”，短语close to 为固定搭配，to是介词，后面接名词或动名词，所以排除A,C 两项，D项短语错误，故选B。 问：老师请帮我归纳一下doubt 的用法，好吗？ 答：好的。 doubt作名词，“怀疑；疑虑；未确定；不信任；不相信”。 I have (my) doubts about whether he is the best man for the job. 我怀疑他是否做这项工作的最好人选。 We have no doubt of his ability. 我们相信他的能力。 doubt作及物动词，“怀疑; 不信; 拿不准”，后接名词从句时, 疑问句和否定句用连词 that； 肯定句一般用连接词 whether, if, what, when 等；如果肯定句用 that, 往往表示非常怀疑。 I do not doubt that he can recite it. 我相信他能把它背下来。 Can you doubt that he will win? 你不相信他会获胜吗? I doubt whether /if he is at home. 我看他不一定在家。 I doubt what he said. 我不相信他说的话。 I doubt that he will come. 我看他不见得会来。 问：老师请帮我分析一下 “What he saw frightened him, but he didn’t hesitated.”这句的句子结构好吗？ 答：这是一个并列转折句。在前面这个句子中，what he saw是由what引导的主语从句做主语，what在主语从句中做saw 的宾语，frightened是谓语，him是宾语；在后面这个句子中，he是主语，didn’t hesitated是谓语。主语从句通常由从属连词that, whether和连接代词 what, who, which, whatever, whoever以及连接副词how, when, where, why 等词引导。that在句中无实义，仅起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既有自己的意义，又起连接作用，在句中充当句子成分。例如： Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. Which room I shall hire is not decided. That she left me cut me to the heart. Whether it is true remains a question. Where the painter is from is unknown to us all. 4. 问：“With the food _____good, it was sold out soon. A. to taste B. taste C. tasting D. tasted”答案为什么选C？ 答：这是一个with复合结构，这种结构是“ with+名词+形式/形容词/不定式/介词短语/过去分词”。虽然food与taste是被动关系，但taste是感官动词，无被动语态。例如： With roses smelling sweet, they were sold out soon. 问：“ There being no rain, we all went out for a walk after supper.”为什么being no rain前面加了there？ 答：这是考查的非谓语动词作状语，大部分情况是主句的主语与非谓语动词的逻辑主语一致，故前面不加逻辑主语；但是此句主句的主语与非谓语动词的逻辑主语不一致，需在前面加逻辑主语。例如： It being Sunday, the students are at home.（此句主句的主语与非谓语动词的逻辑主语不一致, 故加上it），再看下面两句： Seen from the hill, the city looked beautiful. Seeing from the hill, we found the city looked beautiful. 上面两句划线部分是主句的主语，