【词汇讲解】选修⑥Module1 small talk 词汇疑难解答.docVIP

【词汇讲解】选修⑥Module1 small talk 词汇疑难解答 (适用于外研版选修⑥Module1 单元讲解) 1.问：遇到一题“Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in”为什么答案选C，而不选B？ 答：“Though lacking money”在句中做状语，lack在此处做及物动词，本句的实际主语为his parents，his parents与lack之间是主动关系，故用lacking。下面我们总结归纳一下lack的用法。 lack 做名词，常与of连用，“缺乏；需要”。例如： There is no lack of vegetable. 蔬菜不缺。 It was lack of current capital that defeated their business. 因为缺少流动资本,他们的企业才告失败。 lack做及物动词，“ 缺乏, 没有, 需要”。例如： He lacks courage. 他缺乏勇气。 lack 做不及物动词，“缺乏，缺少; 没有”，常于in搭配。例如： She is lacking in responsibility. 她不够负责任。 2. 为什么“Can you imagine John cooking the dinner?”用cooking，而不用 to cook？ 答：这是“imagine+宾语+补语”的结构，我们先看一下imagine的用法： ①imagine+名词 You can imagine the situation there. 你可以想象那里的情况。 ②imagine+ wh-从句 I cant imagine what he looks like. 我想象不出他是什么长相。 ③imagine+ that从句 He imagines that people dont believe him. 他总是认为人们不信任他。 ④imagine+ V-ing It is hard to imagine living in a place where there are no electricity. ⑤imagine+宾语+补语（n./v-ing /to be短语） Can you imagine him becoming famous as an actor? Imagine yourself to be in his place. 故上句用cooking，而不用 to cook。 3. 问：“A very important function of small talk is to establish a relationship between people who don’t know each other very well, or don’t know each other at all.” is to是不是 be to结构，表示“（注定、按计划）要发生”，能否用 be going to来代换? 答：is to不是 be to结构，不能用be going to 来代换。句中的is 是系动词, to是不定式符号，即to establish a relationship between people在句中做表语，who don’t know each other very well, or don’t know each other at all做先行词people的定语。 4. 本模块 学了“need + have +过去分词”的用法，老师是否能帮我拓展一下“情态动词+have +过去分词”的用法？ 答：好的。 “need + have +过去分词”常用于过去做了不需要做的事情，含有“根本不需要做，却做了”，例如： “must +have +过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情的推测，只用于肯定句，如果用于否定句和疑问句，要用couldn’t和could。例如： He must have earned a large sum of money. 他一定是挣了一笔巨款。 “may/might + have+过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情的不肯定的推测。例如： Mary may have gone to the teacher’s office, because she isn’t here now. 玛丽可能去老师办公室了，因为她不在这儿。 “should/ought to + have+过去分词”, 肯定形式表示过去应该做而没做；否定形式表示过去不应做但已经做了