characteriztions of space forms by circles on their geod. sphers教程.pdfVIP

No. 7] Proc. Japan Acad., 78, Ser. A (2002) 143 Characterizations of space forms by circles on their geodesic spheres By Toshiaki Adachi∗) and Sadahiro Maeda∗∗) (Communicated by Heisuke Hironaka, m. j. a., Sept. 12, 2002) Abstract: In this paper we characterize space forms by observing the extrinsic shape of circles on their geodesic spheres. Key words: Curves of order 2; plane curves; geodesics; circles; geodesic spheres; space forms. 1. Introduction. A smooth curve γ on a umbilic but not totally geodesic hypersurface with complete Riemannian manifold M parametrized by parallel second fundamental form. This tells us that its arclength is called a curve of order 2 if it satisfies every circle on each geodesic sphere is a circle in the the following nonlinear differential equation: ambient manifold M (c). Motivated by this fact, we here establish characterizations of space forms from (C) the viewpoint of their geodesic spheres. In the pre- 2 2 ∇ γ˙ ∇ ∇ γ˙ + ∇ γ˙ γ˙ = ∇ γ,˙ ∇ ∇ γ˙ ∇ γ,˙ ceding paper[AM], we characterize space forms by γ˙ γ˙ γ˙ γ˙ γ˙ γ˙ γ˙ γ˙ where ∇γ˙ denotes the covariant differentiation along observing the extrinsic shape of geodesics on their geodesic spheres. Our