黄土高原沟坡地土地生产力评价与指标体系与评价方法.docVIP

文章编号：1008-181X（2001）04-0301-06 黄土高原沟坡地土地生产力评价的指标体系与评价方法 李鹏1，赵忠2，李占斌1 （1：中国科学院、水利部水土保持研究所，陕西 杨凌 712100；2：西北农林科技大学林学院，陕西 杨凌 712100） 摘要：通过对渭北黄土高原地区沟坡地土壤理化性质的分析和对当地社会经济状况的调查研究，应用层次分析法对沟坡地土地自然生产力和现实生产力进行了分析和评价。在分析过程中，把当地主要造林树种根系垂直分布特征及其根系抗旱性特性纳入了分析评价体系。结果表明，嘴头村和西坡村不同树种沟坡地上刺槐 Robinia pseudoacacia 的自然生产力属于中等稍微偏上水平，而山杏 Prunus armeniacia var. ansu 、油松 Pinus tabulaeformis 和侧柏 Platycladus orientalis 的自然生产力水平则较低。两地沟坡地上的现实生产力计算结果则证明刺槐和山杏两个树种表现出了较高的水平，具有较好的发展前途；而油松和侧柏的现实生产力水平则较低，其发展推广受到了限制。群众对沟坡开发治理的态度和对开发方案的认可对沟坡开发的成功起到了重要作用。 关键词：沟坡地；土地生产力；层次分析法；综合评价 中图分类号：F062.2 文献标识码：A The index system and method for soil productivity evaluation on the slope land in the Loess Plateau LI Peng1，ZHAO Zhong2，LI Zhan-bin1 （1: Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and the Ministry of water Resource, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 2: Forestry College, Northwest Sci-Technological University of Agriculture Forestry. Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China） Abstract: Based on the investigation of the soil physical and chemical properties from the slope and the local scio-economical conditions, the analytical hierarchy process AHP was applied to evaluate the current soil productivity CSP and natural soil productivity NSP of the slope land, in which the root distribution characters and root drought-resistance ability was considered. The results indicated that the NSP of the Robinia pseudoacacia in the two villages were above the middle, while the NSP of Prunus armeniacia var. ansu, Pinus tabulaeformis Platycladus orientalis was low. And the CSP of the Robinia pseudoacacia and Prunus armeniacia var. ansu were higher than the other two which were worthy of popularized, and the attitude and the recognition of the local people toward the slope development was of great importance to the success of the slope development. Key words: slope land; soil productivity; analytical hierarchy process AHP ; comprehensive evaluation 在干旱的黄土高原地区，水分是当地农林业发展的主要限制因子。当地农林业的发展只有通过选择耐旱的适生树种，采用科学的抗旱造林或育林技术措施