苦瓜枯萎病病原与鉴定及植株体内菌量测定.docVIP

苦瓜枯萎病病原的鉴定及植株体内菌量测定 苏明星，肖荣凤，朱育菁，黄素芳，刘 波* （福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所，福州 350003）从福建福州采集表现苦瓜枯萎病的病株采用常规方法分离获得0个镰刀菌菌株; 经Booth镰刀菌鉴定方法及分析, 确定为尖孢（Fusarium oxysporum）。将所鉴定的菌株回接健康, 植株表现症状。将分段取样, 研究该菌在植株体内的数量分布。结果表明, 尖含菌量, 根部次之，叶和茎上部未分离出病原菌。 关键词: 苦瓜; 尖孢镰刀菌; 鉴定; 体内菌量 中图分类号: S 687　　文献标识码: A　　文章编号: Identification and Distribution Inside Plant of Pathogen Causing Stem Rot of Momordica charantia SU Ming-xing, XIAO Rong-feng, ZHU Yu-jing, Huang Su-fang, and LIU Bo* (Agricultural Bio-resources Research Institute, Fujian Academ y of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China) Abstract: The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify the pathogen which caused wilt disease of Momordica charantia, and to determine the amount of this pathogen inside the plant. The diseased plants showing symptoms of wilt were collected from Fuzhou, Fujian Province. Twenty isolates of microorganism were obtained and identified as Fusarium oxysporum by Booths method and sequence analysis by using FOF/FOR, the specific primers of F. oxysporum. And, the results of pathogenicity testing confirmed that these isolates were pathogen of M. charantia. Meanwhile, comparative investigation was conducted on the amount of F. oxysporum inside the symptomatic and asymptomatic plants of M. charantia. It was found that the pathogen exist in both asymptomatic and symptomatic plants. The pathogens in the symptomatic plants were significantly more than those in the asymptomatic plants. The amounts of the pathogen in the bottom stems were higher than those of in roots and no pathogen was found in the leaves and top stems. Key words: Momordica charantia; Fusarium oxysporum; identification; distribution inside plant 苦瓜（Momordica charantia L.）在我国南方地区栽培历史悠久，现全国各地均有种植，是我国夏秋季的主要蔬菜种类之一。食用苦瓜具有药用价值，近年来种植面积不断扩大尖孢苦瓜专化型（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momdicae Sun Huang）由于苦瓜重茬面积较大、抗病品种较少等原因，苦瓜枯萎病发生与危害越来越严重。据报道，一般发病率为15～25，严重时?高达60～80，病害流行时田间出现大量死藤，严重影响了苦瓜的产量与品质国外对该病原研究主要集中在病原鉴定，致病性测定、防治等应用研究上，关于该菌的报道非常少, 同时进行了植株体内病原菌含量分析测定，旨在为苦瓜枯萎病的预测预报