宝鸡市区空气中PM10, PM2. 5 污染状况的研究.docVIP

宝鸡市区空气中PM10、PM2.5污染状况研究 张红芳，范锴，张钰 （宝鸡市环境监测中心站，陕西 宝鸡 721006） 摘要：目的:研究宝鸡市城区采暖期和非采暖期PM10、PM2.5的质量浓度变化以及比例关系，为宝鸡的雾霾治理提供技术支撑。方法:在宝鸡市监测站院子设点对PM10、PM2.5分别进行采暖期和非采暖期2个时段对比监测，结合气象条件进行分析，总结规律。结果:在一般气象条件下PM2.5、 PM10质量浓度采暖期高于非采暖期，昼间大于夜间，但细粒子在大气中漂浮时间长，昼夜变化幅度小于可吸入颗粒物。两种颗粒物浓度受气象条件影响较大，阴天浓度明显大于晴天。结论: 总结了不同时段PM10、PM2.5质量浓度和二者比例关系，为以后的研究和环境管理提供参考。 关键词：PM10；PM2.5；非采暖期；采暖期；质量浓度；雾霾 Baoji city situations on particles PM10 and PM2.5 pollution in the air ZHANG Hong-fang，FAN Kai, ZNANG Yu (Baoji Environmental Monitoring Center, Baoji 721006, Shaanxi, China) Abstract: Objective: to study the baoji city heating period and non-heating period PM10 and PM2.5 mass concentration change and proportion relationship, provide technical support for the fog treatment of baoji. Methods: instruction in Baoji monitoring station yard of PM10 and PM2.5 heating period and non-heating period two times when a comparative and monitoring, combined with meteorological conditions were analyzed, and summarizes the regularity. Results: under the general weather conditions heating period quality of PM2.5 and PM10 concentration is higher than the heating period, day than at night, but the fine particles floating in the air long, day and night change less than particulate matter. Two kinds of particle concentration are greatly influenced by meteorological conditions, cloudy concentration significantly greater than sunny day. Conclusion: summarizes the proportion of PM10 and PM2.5 mass concentration and different time intervals of the two relations, provide reference for later research and environmental management. Key words: PM10; PM2.5; non-heating period; -heating period; mass concentration; haze 大气是人类赖以生存的基本环境要素。随着我国城镇化的发展，城市人口不断密集、汽车保有量快速上升；工业化的发展使煤炭和石油类燃料使用量迅猛增长；伴随着城市基础设施的新建和更新，建筑工地到处可见。社会在发展进步的同时也使得大气环境日趋恶化，尤其是城市环境空气污染问题日益突出。 在空气污染中，大气颗粒物是数量最大、成份复杂、性质多样、危害较大的一种。目前，大气颗粒物中可吸入物PM10、细颗粒物PM2.5（即空气动力学等效直径≤10μm、2.5μm的颗粒物)越来越被人们重视。在21世纪初，美国、欧洲就已在流行病学领域研究PM10、PM2.5浓度与医院就诊率、呼吸器管疾病发病率及死亡率等诸多不利健康效应之间的关系。研究结果表明它们之