某铜矿综合回收试验的研究.docVIP

某铜矿综合回收试验研究 杨涛，刘吉波，包新军，吴希桃 (湖南稀土金属材料研究院，长沙 410126) 摘要：综合回收新疆某铜矿中有价的。结果表明铜浮选得到品位18.01%的铜精矿，铜回收率高达90%选铜尾矿再磁选得到含钪54 g/t、铁59.28%和钛19.08%的强磁精矿液固比51、90 ℃、12 mol/L盐酸浸出2 h时，钪、铁、钛的浸出率分别为92.58%、80.97%和13.88%。酸浸液采用P204+TBP萃取钪，钪萃取率达90%，总回收率达85%以上；采用N235萃取铁，铁萃取率可达99%，总回收率达80%以上；采用酸浸水解回收钛，钛总回收率达85%以上。关键词：铜矿；强磁精矿；回收率；综合回收 on Comprehensive Recovery of Copper Ore YANG Tao, LIU Ji-bo, BAO Xin-jun, WU Xi-tao (Hunan Rare-earth Metal Research Institute, Changsha 410126, China) Abstract：comprehensive recovery of valuable metals from certain copper ore in Xinjiang, China was studied. The results show that copper concentrate with copper grade of 18.01% and copper recovery of 90% is produced by flotation. Magnetic concentration is obtained from tailings by magnetic separation with scandium of 54 g/t, iron of 59.28%, and titanium of 19.08%. The concentrate is acid leached and the leaching rate of scandium, iron and titanium is 92.58%, 80.97% and 13.88% respectively under the conditions including ratio of liquid to solid of 5∶1, temperature of 90 ℃, time of 2 h, and hydrochloric concentration of 12 mol/L. Scandium is solvent extracted with P204+TBP from acidic leaching solution with scandium extraction rate of 90% above and total recovery of 85% above. Iron is solvent extracted with N235 from acidic leaching solution with extraction rate of 99% and total recovery of 80% above. Titanium is hydrolyzed from acid leaching residue with total recovery of 85% above. Key words：copper ; strong magnetic concentrate; recovery; comprehensive recovery 新疆某铜矿是一座新建年产60万铜矿的现代化矿井，选矿规模2 000t/d该矿含铜0.63%、铁7.55%、钛0.85%和钪20 g/t，采用浮选的方法得到高品位的铜精矿，而铁、钛、钪基本富集于选铜尾矿中为进一步提高尾矿利用率，开发尾矿价值，考虑综合回收其中的有价元素，特别是高价值钪。 钪及其化合物具备特殊的性能，被誉为新世纪战略资源，应用广泛[1]。工业上从含钪量低的原料中富集、分离和提取高纯钪的过程相当复杂，致使钪的产量不大，价格昂贵[2]。据报导，目前市场上钪的实际需求量远远大于国内生产能力[3]。工业上从含钪原料中提取钪的方法有：还原熔炼法、硫酸化焙烧法、废酸洗液浸出、硼酸盐或碳酸盐熔融、碳酸钠溶液浸取、直接用浓度为50%的硫酸浸出及浓盐酸浸[4-8]。分离钪的方法有：萃取法、离子交换法和沉淀法[]。工业上主要应用萃取法，不同的只是在萃取剂上的选择不同，但钪的提取技术还是存在很多问题，如生产成本高、钪回收率低等[]。 目前综合回收铁、钛等有价元素的研究，有些方法也已经实现工业化在湿法冶金中铁的回收主要是采