方浮式抓斗起重机回转系统设计【毕业论文】.doc

本科毕业论文 （20 届） 30方浮式抓斗起重机回转系统设计 专业：机械设计制造及其自动化 摘要 30方浮式抓斗起重机主要安装在工程船上，具备挖泥起吊和吊钩起吊双重功能；主要从事航道疏浚，港口建设等水下的抓、挖泥工程的工程机械。也可以从事水上船舶之间的装缷及水上桥梁建设大梁安装工程，其在工程船上可以360°旋转，其起重范围抓斗挖泥直举150吨，起吊半径Ｒ=15米；抓斗最大挖泥深度可达70米，吊钩最大下放深度70米；由于本30方浮式抓斗起重机釆用了液力耦合器和2台可燃烧重油的柴油机具有节能降耗，降低使用成本。由于控制系统釆用了手动与自动控制双向切換方式，使操作使用更方便灵活。作为抓斗起重机的重要部分——回转机构，对起重机的性能起着至关重要的作用。尤其是回转机构对浮式抓斗式起重机的性能的合理化设计，有利于其长周期工作，便于通用，便于加工，便于运输。 本文通过对30方浮式抓斗式起重机回转机构的风载计算，惯性载荷计算，最后转化成回转载荷，拟定回转机构的传动方案，包括回转驱动电机、液力耦合器、制动器、行星齿轮减速器的设计及关键零部件的校核。通过设计和计算得到了合理的传动方案，使得回转机构满足浮式抓斗式起重机的长期使用，并且使起重机的上半部分相对塔身坐360°的自由旋转，以便完成各种起重作业要求。本文只是做初步的零部件选用和参数确定，还需要做进一步的校核和细致的验算。 关键词：浮式起重机；回转传动；齿轮减速器； Abstract 30 square floating grab crane is main board installed with dual function of dredging lifting and hook lifting . As a vital component of the crane—slewing mechanism, which is quite essential to the rationalization of the crane. The design of slewing mechanism is good to its long-period of work. In Engineering board for 360 ° rotation，The lifting range of grab dredger held 150 tons of straight, lifting the radius R = 15 m; grab the maximum dredging depth of up to 70 meters, the largest delegation of hook depth of 70 meters . As the 30 square floating grab crane Bian stick with the fluid speed, variable torque clutch and 2 sets of diesel engines can burn heavy fuel oil With energy saving, lower utility costs. Since the control system Bian manual and automatic control with a bi-directional switching mode makes the operation more convenient and flexible. As an important part of the grab crane - Rotary, on the cranes performance plays a vital role. Rotating bodies, especially the performance of the rationalization of the tower crane design, beneficial to its long period of work, easy to universal, easy processing, easy to transport.. Particularly slewing crane performance on the rationalization of design, beneficial to its long cycle of work.By calculating the wind load and inertial load of the tower cranes slewing mechanism and last rotary load which are turned