非接触刀具磨损测量装置设计【毕业论文】.doc

本科毕业论文 （20 届） 非接触刀具磨损测量装置设计 专业：机械设计制造及其自动化 摘要 刀具在切削过程中因为摩擦作用将逐渐磨损。当磨损量达到一定的程度时，切削力加大，切削温度升高，切屑颜色变化，甚至产生振动。同时，工件尺寸可能发生变化，已加工的表面也明显恶化，此时必须磨刀具或者更新刀具。有时，刀具也可能在切削过程中突然损坏而失效，造成刀具破损。刀具的磨损，破损及其使用寿命对加工的质量，生产效率和成本的影响很大，因此它是切削过程中极为重要的问题之一。 在刀具的使用过程中，不可避免的会使刀具发生磨损，而平时当我们用肉眼观察时，无法测出刀具的磨损情况。因为在有些情况下，刀具即使发生了磨损。但是很微小的磨损的话，我们就无法通过肉眼观测。因此，我们应用非接触刀具磨损测量装置。此装置是通过进行切削后的刀具固定在载物台上，使用高倍数的摄像头拍摄下接触面的刀具的图片，而将图片输送至电脑上，对图片中刀具的变形进行分析。非接触式刀具磨损测量装置可以帮助我们测量刀具在具体的切削中对前后刀面所产生的具体的变形。而通过这些变形的测量，方便我们更加具体的了解刀具的性能，以及在什么的切削条件下，使用什么样的刀具是最为合理的。 关键词：刀具磨损；切削；测量装置 Abstract Tool is gradually worn during the cutting process due to the action of friction. When abrasion loss reaches a certain extent, the cutting force is strengthened, the temperature is higher, the color changes and even vibration happens. Meanwhile the physical dimension of components may happen change, which leads to the machined surface being exacerbated. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the worn cutlery. Sometimes, tool may become broken because of sudden invalidation in the process of cutting. the abrasion and service life of tool make a great influence on the quality of product processing, production efficiency and cost of production. Therefore, the abrasion of tool is a key question during cutting process. Tool inevitably would be worn during cutting process, while people can not measure the wear rate by naked eye. Because in some cases, even if the tool wear occurred. However, if the wear is small, we can not observer by the naked eye. However, a Non-contact tool wear measuring device can do it. The device will take pictures of the interface of tool in application of high multiple cameras, and then transmit the pictures to computers which will further analyze the wear rate of tool. The Non-contact tool wear measuring device can be applied in the measuring of tool abrasion. Subsequently, it is beneficial for us to make a better understanding of functions of different tool and make a reasonable use of them. . Key words: tool wear; cut