就业可达性量化方法及分布特征研究--以南京市为例.pdf

+ 文章编号：1672-5328 （2014）05-0045-09 中图分类号：U491.1 2 文献标识码：A DOI: 10.13813/ 11-5141/u.2014.0508 就业可达性量化方法及分布特征研究就业可达性量化方法及分布特征研究 ———以南京市为例—以南京市为例 1 2 1 包丹文 ，郭唐仪 ，夏洪山 (1.南京航空航天大学民航学院，江苏南京210016 ；2.南京理工大学自动化学院，江苏南京210094) 摘要：基于国外传统可达性测算方法，建立适用于中国城市交通特征的就业可达性量化方法。在对 比分析常用的四种可达性测算模型的基础上，以南京市为实例，针对老城区分别构建了小汽车和公 共汽车出行就业可达性模型，同时建立新城区就业可达性模型，以此分析南京市就业可达性空间分 布特征。研究表明：南京市主城区就业可达性随着出行距离增加而提高，且提高程度逐步降低；公 共汽车出行就业可达性低于小汽车，在城市外围地区尤为明显；新城区就业可达性远低于老城区， 职住失衡以及交通通道欠缺是主要原因。最后，通过借鉴国际城市发展经验，提出南京市不同片区 就业可达性改善措施。 关键词：交通规划；重力模型；就业可达性；分布特征；小汽车；公共汽车；南京市 Quantify Job Accessibility and Its Distribution Characteristics: A Case study in Nanjing 1 2 1 Bao Danwen , Guo Tangyi , Xia Hongshan (1.College of Civil Aviation, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing Jiangsu 210016, China; 2.School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing Jiangsu 210094, China) Abstract : This paper aims to develop an approach based on traditional methods to quantify job accessibili- ty, which tailors to the urban transportation characteristics in China. By comparing four commonly used ac- cessibility evaluation models, the paper takes Nanjing as an example to develop job accessibility models for travels by car and bus in the old towns, as well as the job accessibility model for the new urban area, so as to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of job accessibility. Results show that job accessibility in the main urban area of Nanjing improves as travel distance increases, and the degree of improvement gradually reduces. Job accessibility for travels by bus is lower than that by car, especially in Nanjing subur- ban areas. Due to job-housing imbalance and lack of transportation corridors, job accessibility of the new urban area is far lower than that of the old towns. Finally, the paper proposes measures for im