黄鲫群体遗传结构分析【毕业论文】.doc

本科毕业论文 （20 届） 黄鲫群体遗传结构分析 摘要 I 引言 1 1 材料与方法 3 1.1 材料 3 1.1.1样本采集 3 1.1.2主要仪器与设备 3 1.1.3主要试剂 3 1.1.4主要试剂的配制 4 1.2 实验方法 5 1.2.1基因组总DNA的提取 5 1.2.2微卫星分析 5 2 结果与分析 7 2.1微卫星位点的多态性 7 2.2各群体的遗传多样性及群体遗传分化分析 10 2.3 Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验 11 3讨论 13 参考文献 15 附录 16 致 谢 17 摘要 [摘要] 利用微卫星标记分析了舟山，象山，烟台，宁海，威海5 个黄鲫野生群体的遗传多样性水平。本研究利用9对微卫星引物分析了其遗传结构信息。分析结果表明：等位基因数2-10个，平均等位基因数5.1个，有效等位基因数1.1942-8.1244，平均有效等位基因数3.5230，各个位点的平均观测杂合度0.4708，平均期望杂合度0.6985，多态信息含量0.1494-0.8789，其中中度多态位点4个，高度多态位点5个，各群体的多态信息含量从大到小依次为舟山海域群体，象山海域群体，烟台海域群体，宁海海域群体，威海海域群体。分析结果表明：5个群体的遗传多态水平均较高。舟山海域群体与象山海域群体的遗传距离较远，为0.4198。根据群体间的遗传距离利用UPGMA法构建系统树，对遗传偏离指数的分析表明群体间的遗传水平差异很大。本研究结果为黄鲫种质资源的分析和调查奠定了基础。 [关键词] 黄鲫；群体；遗传多样性；微卫星分析  Abstract [Abstract] Microsatellite markers analyzed genetic diversity of Setipinna tat in 5 wild groups, which are Zhoushan, Xiangshan, yantai, Ninghai, and Weihai. The study analyzed genetic structure information of Setipinna tat by 9 microsatellite primers. The calculation shows that there are 2 to 10 Alleles numbers, 5.1 average Alleles numbers, from1.1942 to 8.1244 effective Alleles numbers, 3.5230 average effective allele numbers. The average observed heterozygosity of each site is 0.4708, and the average expected heterozygosity is 0.6985. The Polymorphism information content is from 0.1494 to 0.8789, and among which there are 4 moderate polymorphic loci and 5 highly polymorphic loci. The polymorphism information content of each group from big to small are Zhoushan waters group, Xiangshan waters group, Yantai waters group, Ninghai waters group, and Weihai waters group. The analysis results show that 5 groups of genetic polymorphism levels were high.The heredity distance of Zhoushan waters group and Xiangshan group is farther，which is 0.4198. According to the genetic distance, using UPGMA method to construct the system of genetic deviate from tree, the analysis shows that the index of the genetic groups balanced difference is very big. The results of the study, which benefits to the follow-up group