论潘汉年对中国共产党统一战线工作贡献.pdfVIP

[摘要] 国务院机构改革，是指中国中央政府为适应市场经济发展和社会管理的 需要，对自身各类职能机构的组织设置、管理方式进行调整与变革的政策过程。 经过1978 年以来持续六轮的机构改革，中国中央政府的组织设置和运行模式已 经发生了深刻的转型。国务院已经基本脱离了计划经济体制下高度管制的全能 主义政府模式，基本建立了市场经济体制下现代中央政府的雏形。和前苏联很 多国家不同，在机构改革过程中，中国的政治领导人选择了渐进式革命的改革 道路。在持续的渐进式改革中实现现代中央政府体系的构建是中国中央政府机 构改革的目标。新兴市场经济因素与传统计划经济体制下中央政府管理模式之 间的矛盾是国务院机构改革的核心问题，它赋予了机构改革革命的性质；但该 改革任务的艰巨性和现实环境的复杂性又同时决定了机构改革路径的渐进性。 据此，本文将 1978 年以来国务院机构改革看成一场持续的、渐进的政府机构革 命来研究，以行政生态学为理论基础，以六轮机构改革方案的制定与施行为研 究对象，通过对改革环境的深入分析，重点阐述了革命与渐进两种性质在国务 院三十年机构改革过程中的体现；同时，文章从改革目标设定、环境约束条件、 改革风险管理等多方面分析了机构改革选择渐进式革命路径的合理性；并以三 十年的时间跨度，总结了渐进式革命路径取得的积极成效和所付出的社会成本 及代价；最后结合当前业已开始的新一轮国务院机构改革，讨论渐进式革命道 路的发展前景。 [关键词] 国务院 机构改革 渐进式革命 Incremental revolution: A research on the institutional reform of the State Council of the PRC since 1978 [Abstract]Institutional reform of the State Council of Peoples Republic of China is the policy action and progress that the Central Peoples Government changes its organization and management. Its object is to make the actions of the State Council be suitable to the development of the economy and the stability of the society. After six rounds of institutional reform, the mode of organization and the run pattern of the Central Peoples Government have made a revolutionary progress: the all-round central government that under the planned economy which put all efforts to regulate the society multi-levelly and all-directionally, has become a central government that under market economy which has been characterized as “lean and efficient, perform legitimately, operate coordinately”. During the transition, be different from the countries of the former Soviet Union, China had chose the road of incremental revolution. To construct a modern central government in consistent and incremental way is the object of China’s institutional reform of