牛膝种子带菌检测和药剂消毒处理效果研究_药学论文.docVIP

牛膝种子带菌检测和药剂消毒处理效果研究_药学论文 牛膝种子带菌检测和药剂消毒处理效果研究_药学论文 【关键词】 牛膝种子；,,寄藏真菌检测,；,,药剂消毒 　　摘要：目的研究3个不同产地的牛膝种子寄藏真菌情况，比较不同药剂处理牛膝种子的消毒效果，为牛膝种子预防保健处理提供依据。方法采用离体平皿法对牛膝种子表面和内部进行带菌检测；通过平皿培养法观察药剂拌种的消毒效果。结果牛膝种子表面的孢子负荷量为17.8孢子/粒种子～321.9孢子/粒种子，产地间差异极显著；携带的优势真菌群主要为青霉属Penicillium spp.，曲霉属Aspergillus spp.真菌，产地间差异不显著，但分离频率差异显著；种子颖壳带菌率在19.5%～67.3%,种仁的带菌率在13.5%～47.5%, 内部寄藏的优势菌群主要有铰链孢属Alternaria spp.，根霉属Rhizopus spp.，曲霉属和交链孢属真菌，产地间带菌率和优势菌群都有较大差异。结论 在7种农作物常用的种子处理消毒剂中敌克松表面消毒效果相对较好，可达到50.0％以上。 　　关键词：牛膝种子； 寄藏真菌检测 ； 药剂消毒 　　Testing of Seed-borne Fungi of Achyranthes Seed and Disinfection Effect of Seven Fungicides on Seed-borne Fungi 　　Abstract：ObjectiveTo study the dominant seed_ borne fungi of Achyranthes seeds from 3 different producing areas and compare the disinfection effect of several fungicides on seed-borne fungi of Achyranthes seed. MethodsPetri-dish testing was used to determine the external and internal seed-borne fungi and the disinfection effect of fungicides.ResultsThe result showed that the amount of spore on the surface of one Achyranthes seed was17.8%～321.9% according to different samples, and the big differences existed. Penicillium spp.and Aspergillus spp. were the two kinds of externally dominant fungi and there was few differences in fungi kind among producing areas but differences in fungi isolation frequency; Penicillium spp. ,Rhizopus spp., Aspergillus spp. and Alternaria spp. were the internally dominant seed-borne fungi ,including seed capsule and the internal tissue of seed and their fungi percentage was 19.5%～67.3% and 13.5%～47.5% respectively. There were differences in fungi percentage and dominant seed borne fungi among different producing areas. ConclusionThe disinfection effect of seven fungicides are not so good, only Fenaminosulf was up to 50.0%. 　　Key words：Achyranthes Seed; Seed-borne Fungi Testing; Effect of Fungicide 　　随着人们对种子质量的认识提高，不再局限于传统的净度、发芽率、水份和千粒重，而越来越关注种子健康状况和通过对种子健康保健处理来提高种子播种价值。国内外对很多大田作物如小麦、水稻、玉米等种子都进行了健康检测的研究［1～5］，并且检验技术已经日趋成熟，但是关于中药材种子健康检测还少有报道。怀